{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:15:01Z","timestamp":1783509301931,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Chemical matrixectomy using acidic phenol or alkaline sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is indicated when prevention of toenail growth is preferred. The literature reports outcomes for phenol and NaOH independently; however, no studies are found to compare recurrence rates. This study evaluates the efficacy of these chemicals in preventing nail growth recurrence while analyzing whether age, sex, and body mass index contribute to regrowth after chemical matrixectomy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    From July 1, 2019, to July 1, 2021, data were obtained for toenail removal procedures that include\n                    <jats:italic>Current Procedural Terminology<\/jats:italic>\n                    codes 11730, 11750, and 11732 and corresponding\n                    <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision<\/jats:italic>\n                    code S61.309A.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted on 138 patients who underwent partial or total chemical matrixectomy. A \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    test, a Fisher exact test, and an independent two-sample test were used to compare health and demographic characteristics on only patients who underwent a chemical matrixectomy (n = 58), evaluating differences between NaOH and phenol. The mean patient age was 43.2 years. Most patients (72%) did not have a previous revision. Approximately 54% of patients underwent partial nail avulsions without chemical matrixectomies versus 44% who had chemical matrixectomies. No statistically significant differences were found between groups. Comparison of recurrence rates did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference between NaOH and phenol. No association was found between nail growth recurrence and age.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Further investigation into application times, technique, and severity of deformity may provide further insight into factors leading to recurrence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/23-099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T16:58:48Z","timestamp":1756313928000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative Analysis of Rate of Recurrence Using Sodium Hydroxide versus Phenol for Chemical Matrixectomies of Toenails"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Sindhu","family":"Srinivas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Department, Geisinger Community Medical Center, Scranton, PA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaclyn D.","family":"Wessinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Department, Geisinger Community Medical Center, Scranton, PA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellianne","family":"Nasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Podiatry, Geisinger Health System, Scranton, PA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Strickland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Department, Geisinger Community Medical Center, Scranton, PA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idorenyin F.","family":"Udoeyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Am Fam Physician","first-page":"181","article-title":"Management of ingrown toenails","volume":"52","author":"Zuber TJ","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zuber TJ, Pfenninger JL: Management of ingrown toenails. Am Fam Physician 52: 181, 1995."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"575","article-title":"Scientific analysis of phenol nail surgery","volume":"92","author":"Boberg JS","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boberg JS, Frederiksen MS, Harton FM: Scientific analysis of phenol nail surgery. JAPMA 92: 575, 2002."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Clin Podiatr Med Surg","first-page":"453","article-title":"Phenol and alcohol chemical matrixectomy","volume":"6","author":"Burzotta JL","year":"1989","unstructured":"Burzotta JL, Turri RM, Tsouris J: Phenol and alcohol chemical matrixectomy. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 6: 453, 1989."},{"key":"B4","series-title":"Dermatol Surg","first-page":"26","article-title":"Chemical matrixcectomy with 10% sodium hydroxide for the treatment of ingrowing toenails","volume":"30","author":"Ozdemir E","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ozdemir E, Bostanci S, Ekmekci P, et al: Chemical matrixcectomy with 10% sodium hydroxide for the treatment of ingrowing toenails. Dermatol Surg 30: 26, 2004."},{"key":"B5","series-title":"Evidence-Based Podiatry","article-title":"\u201cPermanent Ingrown Toenails: Chemical and Surgical Procedures,\u201d","author":"Vlahovic TC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vlahovic TC: \u201cPermanent Ingrown Toenails: Chemical and Surgical Procedures,\u201d in Evidence-Based Podiatry, edited by DE Tower, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2020. Available at: 10.1007\/978-3-030-50853-1_1."},{"key":"B6","series-title":"Dermatol Surg","first-page":"1296","article-title":"Enhanced removal of phenol with saline solution over alcohol: an in vitro study","volume":"38","author":"Cordoba Diaz D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cordoba Diaz D, Elena Losa Iglesias M, Cordoba Diaz M, et al: Enhanced removal of phenol with saline solution over alcohol: an in vitro study. Dermatol Surg 38: 1296, 2012."},{"key":"B7","article-title":"Phenol price trend and forecast","unstructured":"ChemAnalyst: Phenol price trend and forecast. Available at: https:\/\/www.chemanalyst.com\/Pricing-data\/phenol-17. Accessed June 8, 2022."},{"key":"B8","article-title":"Sodium hydroxide","unstructured":"Chemical Book: Sodium hydroxide. Available at: https:\/\/www.chemicalbook.com\/Price\/Sodium-hydroxide.htm. Accessed June 9, 2022."},{"key":"B9","series-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol","first-page":"472","article-title":"Controlled trial comparing the efficacy of 88% phenol versus 10% sodium hydroxide for chemical matricectomy in the management of ingrown toenail","volume":"81","author":"Grover C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grover C, Khurana A, Bhattacharya SN, et al: Controlled trial comparing the efficacy of 88% phenol versus 10% sodium hydroxide for chemical matricectomy in the management of ingrown toenail. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 81: 472, 2015."},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"10478","article-title":"Effect of phenol application time in the treatment of onychocryptosis: a randomized double-blind clinical trial","volume":"18","author":"Muriel-S\u00e1nchez JM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Muriel-S\u00e1nchez JM, Cohe\u00f1a-Jim\u00e9nez M, Monta\u00f1o-Jim\u00e9nez P: Effect of phenol application time in the treatment of onychocryptosis: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18: 10478, 2021."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Dermatol Surg","first-page":"744","article-title":"Sodium hydroxide chemical matricectomy for the treatment of ingrown toenails: comparison of three different application periods","volume":"31","author":"Kocyigit P","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kocyigit P, Bostanci S, \u00d6zdemir E, et al: Sodium hydroxide chemical matricectomy for the treatment of ingrown toenails: comparison of three different application periods. Dermatol Surg 31: 744, 2006."},{"key":"B12","series-title":"J Cutan Aesthet Surg","first-page":"314","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of 10% sodium hydroxide, 88% phenol, and 90% trichloroacetic acid as chemical cauterants for partial matricectomy in the management of great toe nail onychocryptosis","volume":"13","author":"Ramesh S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramesh S, Shenoi SD, Nayak SUK: Comparative efficacy of 10% sodium hydroxide, 88% phenol, and 90% trichloroacetic acid as chemical cauterants for partial matricectomy in the management of great toe nail onychocryptosis. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 13: 314, 2020."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/view\/journals\/apms\/115\/4\/23-099.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/115\/4\/23-099.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/115\/4\/23-099.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:20:14Z","timestamp":1783506014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1930-8264\/115\/4\/23099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7547\/23-099","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7315","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}