{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:15:05Z","timestamp":1783509305574,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    One of the gold standard treatments for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is the ambulatory total-contact cast (TCC). Although there is a well-known association between immobilization and deep venous thrombosis (DVT), we are unaware of reports in the literature exploring the proportion of patients reporting DVT receiving a TCC.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A review was performed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines in the PubMed, Embase, and Ovid Medline databases. Independent reviewers selected studies and extracted data. Inclusion criteria were publications reporting DVTs in patients who were off-loaded or immobilized with TCCs for the treatment of DFUs. Predefined outcomes of interest included the occurrence of DVTs, TCC duration, treatment protocol, and preexisting comorbidities.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Of 380 reports reviewed across multiple databases, two studies met all of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The combined studies reported a DVT in 178 episodes of immobilization.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The available literature studying the associations among DVTs, DFUs, and TCCs was surprisingly sparse for a population that would otherwise be considered at high risk for similar events. This may be at least in part because TCCs are changed more often than other traditional immobilization devices, such as a standard fracture cast. Although these data seem to suggest a low background prevalence, we look forward to further works confirming or refuting these findings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/23-195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:37:35Z","timestamp":1761745055000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of Deep Venous Thrombosis in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers with Total-Contact Casts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Robin","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebouh","family":"Bazikian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Woelfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"2077","article-title":"Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants","volume":"404","year":"2024","unstructured":"NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC): Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants. 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