{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T03:21:32Z","timestamp":1789269692875,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sixty idiopathic toe walkers (age range 1 to 15 years) were evaluated to determine the natural history of toe-to-toe gait and the relationship between the range of ankle dorsiflexion and increasing age. The majority of toe walkers had a normal birth weight (average 7.06 pounds), walked on time (average 11.14 months), began toe walking immediately (87%), stood plantigrade (90%), were able to demonstrate a heel-toe gait (88%), and toe walked intermittently (68%). Forty-six percent of all toe walkers were found to have 0 degree or less of passive ankle dorsiflexion. Equinus toe walkers (mean dorsiflexion -5.2 degrees) had significantly less dorsiflexion than the remaining toe walkers (mean dorsiflexion 16.9 degrees; p &amp;lt; 0.01). An average of 12 degrees of dorsiflexion was resent in the 1-to 2-year age group, which gradually diminished to -4 degrees in the 6- to 15-year age group. It appears that there may be a relationship between persistent toe walking and the development of ankle equinus in some children and therefore interventions should be considered to inhibit the toe walking progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-87-1-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T11:07:44Z","timestamp":1396350464000},"page":"17-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Effect of persistent toe walking on ankle equinus. Analysis of 60 idiopathic toe walkers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"E","family":"Sobel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York College of Podiatric Medicine, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"Caselli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York College of Podiatric Medicine, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"Velez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York College of Podiatric Medicine, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/japma\/article-pdf\/87\/1\/17\/1410577\/87507315-87-1-17.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/japma\/article-pdf\/87\/1\/17\/1410577\/87507315-87-1-17.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T12:43:46Z","timestamp":1783428226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1930-8264\/87\/1\/17"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7547\/87507315-87-1-17","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7315","1930-8264"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7315","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-8264","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,1]]}}}