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They are abundant in eukaryotic proteomes and are often associated with human diseases, but their biological functions have been elusive to study. In this study, we report the identification of a tin(IV) oxochloride-derived cluster that binds an evolutionarily conserved IDR within the metazoan TFIID transcription complex. Binding arrests an isomerization of promoter-bound TFIID that is required for the engagement of Pol II during the first (de novo) round of transcription initiation. However, the specific chemical probe does not affect reinitiation, which requires the re-entry of Pol II, thus, mechanistically distinguishing these two modes of transcription initiation. This work also suggests a new avenue for targeting the elusive IDRs by harnessing certain features of metal-based complexes for mechanistic studies, and for the development of novel pharmaceutical interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.07777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]],"date-time":"2015-08-28T07:32:28Z","timestamp":1440747148000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Chemical perturbation of an intrinsically disordered region of TFIID distinguishes two modes of transcription initiation"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2840-0837","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhengjian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Transcription Imaging Consortium, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zarko","family":"Boskovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States"},{"name":"Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmud M","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States"},{"name":"Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transcription Imaging Consortium, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Inouye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0305-259X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Han-Je","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Katherine","family":"Abole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary K","family":"Doud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy A","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela N","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States"},{"name":"David H. 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