{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:09:16Z","timestamp":1791248956516,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447459200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006364","name":"Institut National Du Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006364","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPHINX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPHINX"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003762","name":"Institut Pasteur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003762","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Chronic infection perturbs immune homeostasis. While prior studies have reported dysregulation of effector and memory cells, little is known about the effects on na\u00efve T cell populations. We performed a cross-sectional study of chronic hepatitis C (cHCV) patients using tetramer-associated magnetic enrichment to study antigen-specific inexperienced CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells (i.e., tumor or unrelated virus-specific populations in tumor-free and sero-negative individuals). cHCV showed normal precursor frequencies, but increased proportions of memory-phenotype inexperienced cells, as compared to healthy donors or cured HCV patients. These observations could be explained by low surface expression of CD5, a negative regulator of TCR signaling. Accordingly, we demonstrated TCR hyperactivation and generation of potent CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell responses from the altered T cell repertoire of cHCV patients. In sum, we provide the first evidence that na\u00efve CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells are dysregulated during cHCV infection, and establish a new mechanism of immune perturbation secondary to chronic infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.07916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T07:49:40Z","timestamp":1447487380000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.07916","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Bystander hyperactivation of preimmune CD8+ T cells in chronic HCV patients"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Alanio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9s de Recherche Internationales Mixtes Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre d'Immunologie Humaine, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"},{"name":"Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Nicoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DNU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France"},{"name":"Emory, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Sultanik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9s de Recherche Internationales Mixtes Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"},{"name":"Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Flecken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Internal Medicine II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t, Freiberg, 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