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However, the evolution of the resistome during the transition to endemicity remains unaddressed. Using the most comprehensive whole-genome sequencing dataset of\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                    serovar Gallinarum (\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Gallinarum) collected from 15 countries, including 45 newly recovered samples from two related local regions, we established the relationship among avian-specific pathogen genetic profiles and localization patterns. Initially, we revealed the international transmission and evolutionary history of\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Gallinarum to recent endemicity through phylogenetic analysis conducted using a spatiotemporal Bayesian framework. Our findings indicate that the independent acquisition of the resistome via the mobilome, primarily through plasmids and transposons, shapes a unique antimicrobial resistance profile among different lineages. Notably, the mobilome-resistome combination among distinct lineages exhibits a geographical-specific manner, further supporting a localized endemic mobilome-driven process. Collectively, this study elucidates resistome adaptation in the endemic transition of an avian-specific pathogen, likely driven by the localized farming style, and provides valuable insights for targeted interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.101241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T14:25:22Z","timestamp":1728570322000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.101241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Avian-specific Salmonella transition to endemicity is accompanied by localized resistome and mobilome interaction"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4406-9213","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chenghao","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a2xv884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal 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