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Dopamine neurons (DANs) are involved in memory processing at multiple stages. Here, using both male and female flies,\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>\n                    , we show that, during the first few hours of memory consolidation, disruption of basal activity of a small subset of protocerebral anterior medial DANs (PAM-DANs), by either brief activation or inhibition of the two dorsal posterior medial (DPM) neurons, impairs 24 hr LTM. Interestingly, these brief changes in activity using female flies result in sleep loss and fragmentation, especially at night. Importantly, pharmacological rescue of sleep after manipulation restores LTM. A specific subset of PAM-DANs (PAM-\u03b11) that synapse onto DPM neurons specify the microcircuit that links sleep and memory. MBON-\u03b11 also contributes to the integration of sleep and memory by acting as an additional parallel circuit. PAM-DANs, including PAM-\u03b11, form functional synapses onto DPM mainly via two dopamine receptor subtypes. Dop1R1 primarily mediates the link between sleep and memory. This PAM-\u03b11 to DPM microcircuit exhibits a synchronized, transient, post-training change in activity during the critical memory consolidation window, suggesting an effect of this microcircuit on maintaining the sleep necessary for LTM consolidation. Our results provide a new molecular and circuit basis for the complex relationship between sleep and memory.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.104862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T09:25:07Z","timestamp":1741771507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.104862","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brief disruption of activity in a subset of dopaminergic neurons during consolidation impairs long-term memory by fragmenting sleep"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8186-9864","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lin","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01me2d674","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, 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