{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:34:18Z","timestamp":1787567658451,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018694","name":"Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10.3030\/795242"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.3030\/795242"],"id":[{"id":"10.3030\/795242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRIN 2022 202254RHRT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN 2022 202254RHRT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRIN-PNRR 2022 P2022TKY7B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN-PNRR 2022 P2022TKY7B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRIN 2017 2017PSRHPZ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN 2017 2017PSRHPZ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Humans order numerosity along a left-to-right mental number line (MNL), traditionally considered culturally rooted. Yet, some species at birth show spatial-numerical associations (SNA), suggesting neural origins. Various accounts link SNA to brain lateralization but lack evidence. We investigated brain lateralization effects on numerical spatialization in 100 newborn domestic chicks. In ovo light exposure yielded strongly lateralized brains in half the chicks and weakly lateralized in the other half. Chicks learned to select the 4th item in a sagittal array. At the test, the array was rotated 90\u00b0, with left and right 4th items correct. Strongly lateralized chicks outperformed weakly lateralized ones when ordinal and spatial cues were reliable (experiment 1), but not with unreliable spatial cues (experiment 2). Moreover, only strongly lateralized chicks showed left-to-right directionality, suggesting the right hemisphere\u2019s key role in integrating spatial and numerical cues. We demonstrate that brain lateralization is fundamental for developing a left-to-right oriented SNA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.106356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T06:30:26Z","timestamp":1749537026000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.106356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prenatal light exposure affects number sense and the mental number line in young domestic chicks"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5294-6306","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rosa","family":"Rugani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00240q980","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of General Psychology, University of Padua","place":["Padova, Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"corresponding-author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1203-4117","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matteo","family":"Macchinizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00240q980","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of General Psychology, University of Padua","place":["Padova, Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0740-6383","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yujia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rs6vg23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University","place":["Columbus, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8960-0309","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lucia","family":"Regolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00240q980","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of General Psychology, University of Padua","place":["Padova, Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3406\/bmsap.1880.3301","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sur la vision de la s\u00e9rie des nombres","volume":"3","author":"Abbadie (d\u2019)","year":"1880","journal-title":"Bulletins de La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019anthropologie de Paris"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090373","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Spontaneous spatial mapping of learned sequence in chimpanzees: evidence for a SNARC-like effect","volume":"9","author":"Adachi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018903","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Lateralization in the invertebrate brain: left-right asymmetry of olfaction in bumble bee, Bombus terrestris","volume":"6","author":"Anfora","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/s0028-3932(98)00002-5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Stimulus-response compatibility in representational space","volume":"36","author":"B\u00e4chtold","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00425","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Lateralization of sucrose responsiveness and non-associative learning in honeybees","volume":"9","author":"Baracchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1037\/com0000177","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Limited evidence of number\u2013space mapping in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and capuchin monkeys (Sapajus apella)","volume":"133","author":"Beran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12315","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Small on the left, large on the right: numbers orient visual attention onto space in preverbal infants","volume":"19","author":"Bulf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Developmental Science"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050328","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Basic math in monkeys and college students","volume":"5","author":"Cantlon","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLOS Biology"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2020.101781","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The functional architecture, receptive field characteristics, and representation of objects in the visual network of the pigeon brain","volume":"195","author":"Clark","year":"2020","journal-title":"Progress in Neurobiology"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03196206","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Variability signatures distinguish verbal from nonverbal counting for both large and small numbers","volume":"8","author":"Cordes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015666","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Crossing the divide: infants discriminate small from large numerosities","volume":"45","author":"Cordes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-021-02259-y","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Light-incubation effects on lateralisation of single unit responses in the visual Wulst of domestic chicks","volume":"227","author":"Costalunga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Structure & Function"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00285","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Laterality enhances numerical skills in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata","volume":"9","author":"Dadda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0229","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Lateralization of social cognition in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus)","volume":"364","author":"Daisley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/17470910903529795","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Logic in an asymmetrical (social) brain: Transitive inference in the young domestic chick","volume":"5","author":"Daisley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Social Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2004.1510","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Well-being and affective style: neural substrates and biobehavioural correlates","volume":"359","author":"Davidson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797610366091","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Number-space mapping in human infants","volume":"21","author":"de Hevia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4809","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1323628111","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Representations of space, time, and number in neonates","volume":"111","author":"de Hevia","year":"2014","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.122.3.371","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The mental representation of parity and number magnitude","volume":"122","author":"Dehaene","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"bib20","volume-title":"The Number Sense: How the Mind Creates Mathematics","author":"Dehaene","year":"2011","type":"book"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.11.024","type":"journal-article","article-title":"At birth, humans associate \u201cfew\u201d with left and \u201cmany\u201d with right","volume":"27","author":"de Hevia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12398","type":"journal-article","article-title":"How the human mind grounds numerical quantities on space","volume":"15","author":"de Hevia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Development Perspectives"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-4328(97)02276-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Differential contributions of the two visual pathways to functional lateralization in chicks","volume":"87","author":"Deng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(98)00237-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Bilaterally projecting neurons in the two visual pathways of chicks","volume":"794","author":"Deng","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-4328(02)00050-5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prehatching visual experience and lateralization in the visual Wulst of the chick","volume":"134","author":"Deng","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2005.03.012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hemispheric specialization and dual processing in strongly versus weakly lateralized chicks","volume":"162","author":"Dharmaretnam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.05.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A left-sided visuospatial bias in birds","volume":"15","author":"Diekamp","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12801","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A mental number line in human newborns","volume":"22","author":"Di Giorgio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Developmental Science"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7827","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1504245112","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurons selective to the number of visual items in the corvid songbird endbrain","volume":"112","author":"Ditz","year":"2015","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2014.03.011","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) map number onto space","volume":"132","author":"Drucker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14418","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A biological foundation for spatial-numerical associations: the brain\u2019s asymmetric frequency tuning","volume":"1477","author":"Felisatti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.02.006","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Left\u2013right asymmetries of behaviour and nervous system in invertebrates","volume":"36","author":"Frasnelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.3390\/insects5010120","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The bee as a model to investigate brain and behavioural asymmetries","volume":"5","author":"Frasnelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/021252a0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Visualised Numerals","volume":"21","author":"Galton","year":"1880","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intell.2019.04.004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Individual differences in numerical skills are influenced by brain lateralization in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)","volume":"74","author":"Gatto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intelligence"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.7.1293","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cerebral specialization and interhemispheric communication: does the corpus callosum enable the human condition?","volume":"123 (Pt 7)","author":"Gazzaniga","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2669","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The evolution of brain lateralization: a game-theoretical analysis of population structure","volume":"271","author":"Ghirlanda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2203584119","type":"journal-article","article-title":"An insect brain organizes numbers on a left-to-right mental number line","volume":"119","author":"Giurfa","year":"2022","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00006.2019","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Brain lateralization: a comparative perspective","volume":"100","author":"G\u00fcnt\u00fcrk\u00fcn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1239052","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Topographic representation of numerosity in the human parietal cortex","volume":"341","author":"Harvey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024255","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mapping numerical magnitudes along the right lines: differentiating between scale and bias","volume":"140","author":"Karolis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. General"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2201039119","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Number neurons in the nidopallium of young domestic chicks","volume":"119","author":"Kobylkov","year":"2022","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139087759","type":"book","volume-title":"Bayesian Cognitive Modeling: A Practical Course","author":"Lee","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14457","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A left visual advantage for quantity processing in neonates","volume":"1477","author":"McCrink","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"bib45","type":"software","article-title":"BayesFactor: computation of bayes factors for common designs","volume-title":"R Package","author":"Morey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morey RD, Rouder JN. 2012. BayesFactor: computation of bayes factors for common designs. R Package. 0.9.12-4.6. https:\/\/github.com\/richarddmorey\/bayesfactor."},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072493","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Representation of the quantity of visual items in the primate prefrontal cortex","volume":"297","author":"Nieder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.07.048","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurons in posterior cingulate cortex signal exploratory decisions in a dynamic multioption choice task","volume":"19","author":"Pearson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-5347(89)90138-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hedging one\u2019s evolutionary bets, revisited","volume":"4","author":"Philippi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.10.014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tuning curves for approximate numerosity in the human intraparietal sulcus","volume":"44","author":"Piazza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.09.025","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neural foundations and functional specificity of number representations","volume":"83","author":"Piazza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229044","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Asymmetry is present in the thalamofugal visual projections of female chicks","volume":"92","author":"Rajendra","year":"1993","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(89)90069-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Right hemisphere advantage for topographical orientation in the domestic chick","volume":"27","author":"Rashid","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2004.06.012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Working memory in the chick: parallel and lateralized mechanisms for encoding of object- and position-specific information","volume":"157","author":"Regolin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00238325","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrophysiology of the intertectal commissures in the pigeon. I. Analysis of the pathways","volume":"9","author":"Robert","year":"1969","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/297223a0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Light experience and asymmetry of brain function in chickens","volume":"297","author":"Rogers","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248362","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Transient asymmetry in the projections of the rostral thalamus to the visual hyperstriatum of the chicken, and reversal of its direction by light exposure","volume":"70","author":"Rogers","year":"1988","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(91)90650-i","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Light-dependent development and asymmetry of visual projections","volume":"121","author":"Rogers","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-4328(98)00094-1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Light experience and lateralization of the two visual pathways in the chick","volume":"98","author":"Rogers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511546372","type":"book","volume-title":"Colloidal Particles at Liquid Interfaces","author":"Rogers","year":"2002"},{"key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511793899","type":"book","volume-title":"Divided Brains: The Biology and Behaviour of Brain Asymmetries","author":"Rogers","year":"2013"},{"key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6725-4","type":"book","volume-title":"Lateralized Brain Functions: Methods in Human and Non-Human Species, Neuromethods","author":"Rogers","year":"2017"},{"key":"bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11071996","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Brain lateralization and cognitive capacity","volume":"11","author":"Rogers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2021.1891675","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Brain and behavioural asymmetries in non-human species","volume":"26","author":"Rogers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Laterality"},{"key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1037\/0097-7403.33.1.21","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rudimental numerical competence in 5-day-old domestic chicks (Gallus gallus): identification of ordinal position","volume":"33","author":"Rugani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes"},{"key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2009.0960","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Is it only humans that count from left to right?","volume":"6","author":"Rugani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biology Letters"},{"key":"bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2010.11.012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Asymmetrical number-space mapping in the avian brain","volume":"95","author":"Rugani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},{"key":"bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa1379","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Animal cognition. Number-space mapping in the newborn chick resembles humans\u2019 mental number line","volume":"347","author":"Rugani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-014-0829-x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The use of proportion by young domestic chicks (Gallus gallus)","volume":"18","author":"Rugani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal Cognition"},{"key":"bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2016.05.010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mapping number to space in the two hemispheres of the avian brain","volume":"133","author":"Rugani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},{"key":"bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-016-1126-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Number-space associations without language: Evidence from preverbal human infants and non-human animal species","volume":"24","author":"Rugani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0509","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Towards numerical cognition\u2019s origin: insights from day-old domestic chicks","volume":"373","author":"Rugani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B"},{"key":"bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73431-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Individually distinctive features facilitate numerical discrimination of sets of objects in domestic chicks","volume":"10","author":"Rugani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.54662","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Numerical magnitude, rather than individual bias, explains spatial numerical association in newborn chicks","volume":"9","author":"Rugani","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14345","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hemispheric specialization in spatial versus ordinal processing in the day-old domestic chick (Gallus gallus)","volume":"1477","author":"Rugani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257764","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Approach direction and accuracy, but not response times, show spatial-numerical association in chicks","volume":"16","author":"Rugani","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103560","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Children perform better on left than right targets in an ordinal task","volume":"226","author":"Rugani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"key":"bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.108866","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Magnitude shifts spatial attention from left to right in rhesus monkeys as in the human mental number line","volume":"27","author":"Rugani","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(92)90053-k","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Images of numbers, or \u201cWhen 98 is upper left and 6 sky blue\u201d","volume":"44","author":"Seron","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"bib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3758\/PBR.16.2.328","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reading habits for both words and numbers contribute to the SNARC effect","volume":"16","author":"Shaki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2011.0176","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Modes of response to environmental change and the elusive empirical evidence for bet hedging","volume":"278","author":"Simons","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings. Biological Sciences"},{"key":"bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2008.20120","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Number forms in the brain","volume":"20","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200305060-00021","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The architecture of an inhibitory sidepath within the avian tectofugal system","volume":"14","author":"Theiss","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-017-1143-1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cleaner fish Labroides dimidiatus discriminate numbers but fail a mental number line test","volume":"21","author":"Triki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Animal Cognition"},{"key":"bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7036.104.4.361","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sex differences in social reinstatement motivation of the domestic chick (Gallus gallus) revealed by runway tests with social and nonsocial reinforcement","volume":"104","author":"Vallortigara","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"key":"bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X05000105","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Survival with an asymmetrical brain: advantages and disadvantages of cerebral lateralization","volume":"28","author":"Vallortigara","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Behavioral and Brain Sciences"},{"key":"bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2017.0120","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparative cognition of number and space: the case of geometry and of the mental number line","volume":"373","author":"Vallortigara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B"},{"key":"bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90778-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"An anatomical study of ipsilateral retinal projections in the quail using radioautographic, horseradish peroxidase, fluorescence and degeneration techniques","volume":"340","author":"Weidner","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1080\/15248372.2021.1926254","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Eye tracking lateralized spatial associations in early childhood","volume":"22","author":"West","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cognition and Development"},{"key":"bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1163\/1568537054068660","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Linkages between number concepts, spatial thinking, and directionality of writing: The SNARC Effect and the REVERSE SNARC effect in english and arabic monoliterates, biliterates, and illiterate arabic speakers","volume":"5","author":"Zebian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Cognition and Culture"},{"key":"bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/417138a","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neglect disrupts the mental number line","volume":"417","author":"Zorzi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"dataset1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25430\/researchdata.cab.unipd.it.00001424","type":"dataset","article-title":"Hatching with Numbers: How Pre-natal Experience Affects Chicks' Left-to-Right Mental Number Line","volume-title":"Research Data UNIPD","author":"Rosa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rosa R, Lucia R, Matteo M, Yujia Z. 2024. Hatching with Numbers: How Pre-natal Experience Affects Chicks' Left-to-Right Mental Number Line. Research Data UNIPD."}],"container-title":["eLife"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/106356\/elife-106356-v1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/106356\/elife-106356-v1.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/106356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T09:31:51Z","timestamp":1787563911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/106356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"references-count":91,"alternative-id":["10.7554\/eLife.106356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.106356","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2025.03.09.642211","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-same-as":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.106356.3","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-version-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.106356.1","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.106356.2","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-financed-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3030\/795242","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3030\/795242","asserted-by":"object"}],"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.25430\/researchdata.cab.unipd.it.00001424","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2050-084X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-084X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"single anonymised","name":"peer_review_transparency","label":"Peer review transparency","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"other reviewer(s), editor","name":"peer_review_interaction","label":"Peer review interaction","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"review summaries, review reports, author\/editor communication, reviewer identities reviewer opt in, editor identities","name":"peer_review_published","label":"Peer review published","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"open (sign in with ORCID iD required)","name":"post_publication_commenting","label":"Post publication commenting","group":{"name":"post_publication_commenting"}}],"article-number":"RP106356"}}