{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T18:50:00Z","timestamp":1775155800337,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493769600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003524","name":"Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["New Zealand, Smart Ideas Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["New Zealand, Smart Ideas Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003524","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pests are a global threat to biodiversity, ecosystem function, and human health. Pest control approaches are thus numerous, but their implementation costly, damaging to non-target species, and ineffective at low population densities. The Trojan Female Technique (TFT) is a prospective self-perpetuating control technique that is species-specific and predicted to be effective at low densities. The goal of the TFT is to harness naturally occurring mutations in the mitochondrial genome that impair male fertility while having no effect on females. Here, we provide proof-of-concept for the TFT, by showing that introduction of a male fertility-impairing mtDNA haplotype into replicated populations of Drosophila melanogaster causes numerical population suppression, with the magnitude of effect positively correlated with its frequency at trial inception. Further development of the TFT could lead to establishing a control strategy that overcomes limitations of conventional approaches, with broad applicability to invertebrate and vertebrate species, to control environmental and economic pests.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.23551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T08:00:13Z","timestamp":1493798413000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Introduction of a male-harming mitochondrial haplotype via \u2018Trojan Females\u2019 achieves population suppression in fruit flies"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8809-5010","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonci Nikolai","family":"Wolff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0671-3637","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Neil J","family":"Gemmell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel M","family":"Tompkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landcare Research, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2209-3458","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Damian K","family":"Dowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2009.0014","article-title":"Sterile-insect methods for control of mosquito-borne diseases: an analysis","volume":"10","author":"Alphey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20130440","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0440","article-title":"The costs of being male: are there sex-specific effects of uniparental mitochondrial inheritance?","volume":"369","author":"Beekman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/149.4.2135","article-title":"Germline bottlenecks and the evolutionary maintenance of mitochondrial genomes","volume":"149","author":"Bergstrom","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2008.01601.x","article-title":"Indirect effects of invasive species removal devastate World Heritage Island","volume":"46","author":"Bergstrom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060","article-title":"The global distribution and burden of dengue","volume":"496","author":"Bhatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.12.120178.002351","article-title":"Transmission genetics of mitochondria and chloroplasts","volume":"12","author":"Birky","year":"1978","journal-title":"Annual Review of Genetics"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.07.018","article-title":"Mitochondria, maternal inheritance, and male aging","volume":"22","author":"Camus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.09.012","article-title":"Single nucleotides in the mtDNA sequence modify mitochondrial molecular function and are associated with sex-specific effects on fertility and aging","volume":"25","author":"Camus","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2011.12","article-title":"Cytoplasmic male sterility in Drosophila melanogaster associated with a mitochondrial CYTB variant","volume":"107","author":"Clancy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/107.4.679","article-title":"Natural selection with nuclear and cytoplasmic transmission. 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