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Its rapid geographic expansion is attributed to the success of Aedes mosquito vectors, but local epidemiological drivers are still poorly understood. Feira de Santana played a pivotal role in the Chikungunya epidemic in Brazil and was one of the first urban centres to report Zika infections. Using a climate-driven transmission model and notified Zika case data, we show that a low observation rate and high vectorial capacity translated into a significant attack rate during the 2015 outbreak, with a subsequent decline in 2016 and fade-out in 2017 due to herd-immunity. We find a potential Zika-related, low risk for microcephaly per pregnancy, but with significant public health impact given high attack rates. The balance between the loss of herd-immunity and viral re-importation will dictate future transmission potential of Zika in this urban setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.29820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]],"date-time":"2017-09-05T08:00:15Z","timestamp":1504598415000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Epidemiological and ecological determinants of Zika virus transmission in an urban setting"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9318-2581","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maricelia","family":"Maia de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Haematology, Genetics and Computational Biology, FIOCRUZ, SalvadorBahia, 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