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Here, we show that agents with a broad polypharmacology, often considered \u2018dirtier\u2019 drugs, can have unique efficacy if they combine deleterious effects on the parasite with beneficial actions in the host. This principle is evidenced through a screen for drugs to treat schistosomiasis, a parasitic flatworm disease that impacts over 230 million people. A target-based screen of a Schistosoma serotoninergic G protein coupled receptor yielded the potent agonist, ergotamine, which disrupted worm movement. In vivo, ergotamine decreased mortality, parasite load and intestinal egg counts but also uniquely reduced organ pathology through engagement of host GPCRs that repressed hepatic stellate cell activation, inflammatory damage and fibrosis. The unique ability of ergotamine to engage both host and parasite GPCRs evidences a future strategy for anthelmintic drug design that coalesces deleterious antiparasitic activity with beneficial host effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.35755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,30]],"date-time":"2018-07-30T08:00:18Z","timestamp":1532937618000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Coalescing beneficial host and deleterious antiparasitic actions as an antischistosomal strategy"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4986-972X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John D","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9037-6540","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Timothy 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