{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:20:29Z","timestamp":1792264829617,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553472000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Jayne Koskinas Ted Giovanis Foundation for Health and Policy"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AT008632"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AT008632"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 EB021960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 EB021960"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    An autorhythmic population of excitatory neurons in the brainstem pre-B\u00f6tzinger complex is a critical component of the mammalian respiratory oscillator. Two intrinsic neuronal biophysical mechanisms\u2014a persistent sodium current (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ) and a calcium-activated non-selective cationic current (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>A<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    )\u2014were proposed to individually or in combination generate cellular- and circuit-level oscillations, but their roles are debated without resolution. We re-examined these roles in a model of a synaptically connected population of excitatory neurons with\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>A<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    and\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    . This model robustly reproduces experimental data showing that rhythm generation can be independent of\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>A<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    activation, which determines population activity amplitude. This occurs when\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>A<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    is primarily activated by neuronal calcium fluxes driven by synaptic mechanisms. Rhythm depends critically on\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:msub>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:msub>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    in a subpopulation forming the rhythmogenic kernel. The model explains how the rhythm and amplitude of respiratory oscillations involve distinct biophysical mechanisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.41555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T06:00:26Z","timestamp":1553493626000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Biophysical mechanisms in the mammalian respiratory oscillator re-examined with a new data-driven computational model"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8570-2348","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ryan S","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Systems Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States"},{"name":"Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6825-7166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tibin T","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Systems Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidehiko","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Systems Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0862-1974","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yaroslav I","family":"Molkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, United 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