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Medical use of cannabis derivatives is a current hot topic and it is unknown whether phytocannabinoids may modify endometriosis symptoms and development. Here we evaluate the effects of repeated exposure to \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in a mouse model of surgically-induced endometriosis. In this model, female mice develop mechanical hypersensitivity in the caudal abdomen, mild anxiety-like behavior and substantial memory deficits associated with the presence of extrauterine endometrial cysts. Interestingly, daily treatments with THC (2 mg\/kg) alleviate mechanical hypersensitivity and pain unpleasantness, modify uterine innervation and restore cognitive function without altering the anxiogenic phenotype. Strikingly, THC also inhibits the development of endometrial cysts. These data highlight the interest of scheduled clinical trials designed to investigate possible benefits of THC for women with endometriosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.50356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T19:00:15Z","timestamp":1578942015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.50356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Disease-modifying effects of natural \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol in endometriosis-associated pain"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3728-2403","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Escudero-Lara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4230-7089","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Josep","family":"Argerich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1133-0908","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Caba\u00f1ero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4359-8773","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rafael","family":"Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.01.001","article-title":"Medical use of Cannabis and cannabinoids containing products - 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