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Here, we characterize gene expression patterns in distinct neural cell types of the Drosophila visual system using genetic lines to access individual cell types, the TAPIN-seq method to measure their transcriptomes, and a probabilistic method to interpret these measurements. We used these tools to build a resource of high-resolution transcriptomes for 100 driver lines covering 67 cell types, available at http:\/\/www.opticlobe.com. Combining these transcriptomes with recently reported connectomes helps characterize how information is transmitted and processed across a range of scales, from individual synapses to circuit pathways. We describe examples that include identifying neurotransmitters, including cases of apparent co-release, generating functional hypotheses based on receptor expression, as well as identifying strong commonalities between different cell types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.50901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T08:01:04Z","timestamp":1579075264000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":246,"title":["A genetic, genomic, and computational resource for exploring neural circuit function"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8294-1610","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fred P","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"},{"name":"Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3822-489X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aljoscha","family":"Nern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Picard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4108-4517","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael B","family":"Reiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8762-8703","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gerald M","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6676-4706","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sean R","family":"Eddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States"},{"name":"John A. 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