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Long propriospinal neurons that inter-connect these CPGs are thought to secure hindlimb-forelimb coordination, ensuring that diagonal limb pairs move synchronously while the ipsilateral limb pairs move out-of-phase during stepping. Here, we show that silencing long ascending propriospinal neurons (LAPNs) that inter-connect the lumbar and cervical CPGs disrupts left-right limb coupling of each limb pair in the adult rat during overground locomotion on a high-friction surface. These perturbations occurred independent of the locomotor rhythm, intralimb coordination, and speed-dependent (or any other) principal features of locomotion. Strikingly, the functional consequences of silencing LAPNs are highly context-dependent; the phenotype was not expressed during swimming, treadmill stepping, exploratory locomotion, or walking on an uncoated, slick surface. These data reveal surprising flexibility and context-dependence in the control of interlimb coordination during locomotion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.53565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T08:00:28Z","timestamp":1599638428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.53565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Long ascending propriospinal neurons provide flexible, context-specific control of interlimb coordination"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Amanda M","family":"Pocratsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, United States"},{"name":"Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney 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