{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:50:15Z","timestamp":1790430615905,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587427200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26293046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26293046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJCR1656"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR1656"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000135","name":"NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS098813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS098813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26640041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26640041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16H01271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16H01271"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17H05563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17H05563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H05124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H05124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18KK0223"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18KK0223"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H02523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H02523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H02477"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H02477"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Orexin\/hypocretin-producing and melanin-concentrating hormone-producing (MCH) neurons are co-extensive in the hypothalamus and project throughout the brain to regulate sleep\/wakefulness. Ablation of orexin neurons decreases wakefulness and results in a narcolepsy-like phenotype, whereas ablation of MCH neurons increases wakefulness. Since it is unclear how orexin and MCH neurons interact to regulate sleep\/wakefulness, we generated transgenic mice in which both orexin and MCH neurons could be ablated. Double-ablated mice exhibited increased wakefulness and decreased both rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep. Double-ablated mice showed severe cataplexy compared with orexin neuron-ablated mice, suggesting that MCH neurons normally suppress cataplexy. Double-ablated mice also showed frequent sleep attacks with elevated spectral power in the delta and theta range, a unique state that we call \u2018delta-theta sleep\u2019. Together, these results indicate a functional interaction between orexin and MCH neurons in vivo that suggests the synergistic involvement of these neuronal populations in the sleep\/wakefulness cycle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.54275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T08:00:19Z","timestamp":1587110419000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Dual orexin and MCH neuron-ablated mice display severe sleep attacks and cataplexy"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1169-7953","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chi Jung","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan"},{"name":"CREST, JST, Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5967-2002","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan"},{"name":"CREST, JST, Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6823-0094","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas S","family":"Kilduff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6099-7306","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Akihiro","family":"Yamanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan"},{"name":"CREST, JST, Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06310","article-title":"Neural substrates of awakening probed with optogenetic control of hypocretin neurons","volume":"450","author":"Adamantidis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib2","volume-title":"International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Diagnostic and Coding Manual American Sleep Disorders Association, Rochester","author":"American Sleep Disorders Association","year":"1990"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5435","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5269-14.2015","article-title":"Optogenetic evidence for inhibitory signaling from orexin to MCH neurons via local microcircuits","volume":"35","author":"Apergis-Schoute","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.11.017","article-title":"To eat or to sleep: that is a lateral hypothalamic question","volume":"154","author":"Arrigoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/17.1.28","article-title":"Scoring transitions to REM sleep in rats based on the EEG phenomena of pre-REM sleep: an improved analysis of sleep structure","volume":"17","author":"Benington","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903190204","article-title":"The melanin-concentrating hormone system of the rat brain: an immuno- and hybridization histochemical characterization","volume":"319","author":"Bittencourt","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4986","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0305-19.2019","article-title":"Dynamic network activation of hypothalamic MCH neurons in REM sleep and exploratory behavior","volume":"39","author":"Blanco-Centurion","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2461","article-title":"Human hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone levels are linked to emotion and social interaction","volume":"4","author":"Blouin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02861.x","article-title":"Localization of the GABAergic and non-GABAergic neurons projecting to the sublaterodorsal nucleus and potentially gating paradoxical sleep onset","volume":"18","author":"Boissard","year":"2003","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9734","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5632-12.2013","article-title":"Amygdala lesions reduce cataplexy in orexin knock-out mice","volume":"33","author":"Burgess","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12305","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2630-12.2012","article-title":"Narcolepsy: neural mechanisms of sleepiness and cataplexy","volume":"32","author":"Burgess","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(00)81973-x","article-title":"Narcolepsy in orexin knockout mice: molecular genetics of sleep regulation","volume":"98","author":"Chemelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.36494","article-title":"Dissociating orexin-dependent and -independent functions of orexin neurons using novel Orexin-Flp knock-in mice","volume":"7","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1998.00250.x","article-title":"Action sequencing is impaired in D1A-deficient mutant mice","volume":"10","author":"Cromwell","year":"1998","journal-title":"The European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.2.748","article-title":"Orexins, orexigenic hypothalamic peptides, interact with autonomic, neuroendocrine and neuroregulatory systems","volume":"96","author":"Date","year":"1999","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.07.072","article-title":"Immunohistochemical evidence for synaptic release of GABA from melanin-concentrating hormone containing varicosities in the locus coeruleus","volume":"223","author":"Del Cid-Pellitero","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2017.00032","article-title":"The Melanin-Concentrating hormone as an integrative peptide driving motivated behaviors","volume":"11","author":"Diniz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02246155","article-title":"Stimulation of D1- or D2-receptors in drug-naive rats with different degrees of unilateral nigro-striatal dopamine lesions","volume":"119","author":"Fornaguera","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00293-8","article-title":"Genetic ablation of orexin neurons in mice results in narcolepsy, Hypophagia, and obesity","volume":"30","author":"Hara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI71017","article-title":"Orexin neurons suppress narcolepsy via 2 distinct efferent pathways","volume":"124","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3526","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1614552114","article-title":"Serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe mediate the anticataplectic action of orexin neurons by reducing amygdala activity","volume":"114","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811400106","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone neurons discharge in a reciprocal manner to orexin neurons across the sleep-wake cycle","volume":"106","author":"Hassani","year":"2009","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.00008.x","article-title":"The distribution of the mRNA and protein products of the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor gene, slc-1, in the central nervous system of the rat","volume":"12","author":"Hervieu","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax9238","article-title":"REM sleep-active MCH neurons are involved in forgetting hippocampus-dependent memories","volume":"365","author":"Izawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3522","article-title":"Optogenetic identification of a rapid eye movement sleep modulatory circuit in the hypothalamus","volume":"16","author":"Jego","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3198","article-title":"MCH neurons: vigilant workers in the night","volume":"36","author":"Jego","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/305321a0","article-title":"Characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone in chum salmon pituitaries","volume":"305","author":"Kawauchi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1189","article-title":"Mapping of the mRNAs for the hypocretin\/orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone receptors: networks of overlapping peptide systems","volume":"435","author":"Kilduff","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10257","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1225-13.2013","article-title":"Optogenetic stimulation of MCH neurons increases sleep","volume":"33","author":"Konadhode","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00244","article-title":"Neurons containing orexin or melanin concentrating hormone reciprocally regulate wake and sleep","volume":"8","author":"Konadhode","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0540-1","article-title":"T cells in patients with\u00a0narcolepsy target self-antigens of hypocretin neurons","volume":"562","author":"Latorre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6716","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1887-05.2005","article-title":"Discharge of identified orexin\/hypocretin neurons across the sleep-waking cycle","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4065-15.2017","article-title":"GABAergic neurons of the central amygdala promote cataplexy","volume":"37","author":"Mahoney","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0097-x","article-title":"The neurobiological basis of narcolepsy","volume":"20","author":"Mahoney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1190","article-title":"Differential expression of orexin receptors 1 and 2 in the rat brain","volume":"435","author":"Marcus","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0013-17.2017","article-title":"Neurochemical heterogeneity among lateral hypothalamic hypocretin\/Orexin and Melanin-Concentrating hormone neurons identified through Single-Cell gene expression analysis","volume":"4","author":"Mickelsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eneuro"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0349-8","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the lateral hypothalamic area reveals molecularly distinct populations of inhibitory and excitatory neurons","volume":"22","author":"Mickelsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.2_Suppl_1.S16","article-title":"Genetic and familial aspects of narcolepsy","volume":"50","author":"Mignot","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.07.035","article-title":"Microinjection of the melanin-concentrating hormone into the sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus inhibits REM sleep in the rat","volume":"630","author":"Monti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.08.012","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone neurons contribute to dysregulation of rapid eye movement sleep in narcolepsy","volume":"120","author":"Naganuma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(99)01336-0","article-title":"Distribution of orexin neurons in the adult rat brain","volume":"827","author":"Nambu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9743","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0499-13.2013","article-title":"Role of the medial prefrontal cortex in cataplexy","volume":"33","author":"Oishi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9996","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-23-09996.1998","article-title":"Neurons containing hypocretin (orexin) project to multiple neuronal systems","volume":"18","author":"Peyron","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1038\/79690","article-title":"A mutation in a case of early onset narcolepsy and a generalized absence of hypocretin peptides in human narcoleptic brains","volume":"6","author":"Peyron","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9101","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1766-08.2008","article-title":"Regulation of synaptic efficacy in hypocretin\/orexin-containing neurons by melanin concentrating hormone in the lateral hypothalamus","volume":"28","author":"Rao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1191","article-title":"Expression of the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor mRNA in the rat brain","volume":"435","author":"Saito","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80949-6","article-title":"Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior","volume":"92","author":"Sakurai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17771","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.25.17771","article-title":"Structure and function of human prepro-orexin gene","volume":"274","author":"Sakurai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)02002-6","article-title":"The sleep switch: hypothalamic control of sleep and wakefulness","volume":"24","author":"Saper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011766","article-title":"A very large number of GABAergic neurons are activated in the tuberal hypothalamus during paradoxical (REM) sleep hypersomnia","volume":"5","author":"Sapin","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep\/32.1.111","article-title":"A consensus definition of cataplexy in mouse models of narcolepsy","volume":"32","author":"Scammell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12437","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0706-12.2012","article-title":"Optogenetic probing of fast glutamatergic transmission from hypocretin\/orexin to histamine neurons in situ","volume":"32","author":"Sch\u00f6ne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/25341","article-title":"Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone are hypophagic and lean","volume":"396","author":"Shimada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4007","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4070-15.2017","article-title":"GABA cells in the central nucleus of the amygdala promote cataplexy","volume":"37","author":"Snow","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6495","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0073-14.2014","article-title":"Conditional ablation of orexin\/hypocretin neurons: a new mouse model for the study of narcolepsy and orexin system function","volume":"34","author":"Tabuchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib56","first-page":"115","article-title":"4 letters of Constantin Von Economo (1876-1931)]","volume":"7","author":"Th\u00e9odorid\u00e8s","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clio Medica"},{"key":"bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.02.104","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) immunoreactivity in non-neuronal cells within the raphe nuclei and subventricular region of the brainstem of the cat","volume":"1210","author":"Torterolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)01266-6","article-title":"Distribution of orexin receptor mRNA in the rat brain","volume":"438","author":"Trivedi","year":"1998","journal-title":"FEBS Letters"},{"key":"bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10529","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0784-11.2011","article-title":"Acute optogenetic silencing of orexin\/hypocretin neurons induces slow-wave sleep in mice","volume":"31","author":"Tsunematsu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6896","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5344-13.2014","article-title":"Optogenetic manipulation of activity and temporally controlled cell-specific ablation reveal a role for MCH neurons in sleep\/wake regulation","volume":"34","author":"Tsunematsu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00251-X","article-title":"Physiological properties of hypothalamic MCH neurons identified with selective expression of reporter gene after recombinant virus infection","volume":"42","author":"van den Pol","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-4-19","article-title":"A role of melanin-concentrating hormone producing neurons in the central regulation of paradoxical sleep","volume":"4","author":"Verret","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90606-X","article-title":"The amygdalo-brainstem pathway: selective innervation of dopaminergic, noradrenergic and adrenergic cells in the rat","volume":"97","author":"Wallace","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9435","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0311-19.2019","article-title":"Transgenic Archaerhodopsin-3 expression in hypocretin\/Orexin neurons engenders cellular dysfunction and features of type 2 narcolepsy","volume":"39","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/s0896-6273(03)00330-1","article-title":"Distinct narcolepsy syndromes in orexin receptor-2 and orexin null mice: molecular genetic dissection of Non-REM and REM sleep regulatory processes","volume":"38","author":"Willie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.10.005","article-title":"Modafinil more effectively induces wakefulness in orexin-null mice than in wild-type littermates","volume":"130","author":"Willie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["eLife"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/54275\/elife-54275-v1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/54275\/elife-54275-v1.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/54275","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T21:02:41Z","timestamp":1697058161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/54275"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.7554\/eLife.54275"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.54275","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.54275.sa1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.54275.sa2","asserted-by":"object"}],"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2019.12.17.880229","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2050-084X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-084X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]]},"article-number":"e54275"}}