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The causes for a high mutational variance are still elusive. In some cases, fast evolution depends on the high mutation rate of one or few loci with short tandem repeats. Here, we report on the fastest evolving cell fate among vulva precursor cells in\n                    <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis<\/jats:italic>\n                    nematodes, that of P3.p. We identify and validate causal mutations underlying P3.p's high mutational variance. We find that these positions do not present any characteristics of a high mutation rate, are scattered across the genome and the corresponding genes belong to distinct biological pathways. Our data indicate that a broad mutational target size is the cause of the high mutational variance and of the corresponding fast phenotypic evolutionary rate.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.54928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T08:00:22Z","timestamp":1598515222000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.54928","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["A broad mutational target explains a fast rate of phenotypic evolution"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4619-5547","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fabrice","family":"Besnard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie de l'\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire Reproduction et D\u00e9veloppement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Inria, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao","family":"Picao-Osorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie de l'\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie de l'\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Anne","family":"F\u00e9lix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie de l'\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1985.tb04076.x","article-title":"A developmental analysis of an evolutionary trend: digital reduction in amphibians","volume":"39","author":"Alberch","year":"1985","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"bib2","volume-title":"FastQC: A Quality Control Tool for Hgh Throughput Sequence Data","author":"Andrews","year":"2017","unstructured":"Andrews S. 2017. 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