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Using the multimammate mouse\n                    <jats:italic>Mastomys coucha<\/jats:italic>\n                    as preclinical model, this is the first study demonstrating seroconversion against different L1 isoforms during the natural course of papillomavirus infection. Intriguingly, positivity with the cutaneous MnPV was accompanied by a strong seroresponse against a longer L1 isoform, but to our surprise, the raised antibodies were non-neutralizing. Only after a delay of around 4 months, protecting antibodies against the short L1 appeared, enabling the virus to successfully establish an infection. This argues for a novel humoral immune escape mechanism that may also have important implications on the interpretation of epidemiological data in terms of seropositivity and protection of PV infections in general.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.57626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T20:00:36Z","timestamp":1596484836000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.57626","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Expression of different L1 isoforms of Mastomys natalensis papillomavirus as mechanism to circumvent adaptive immunity"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yingying","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Transformation Mechanisms, Research Program 'Infection, Inflammation and Cancer', German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, 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