{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:38:16Z","timestamp":1792805896879,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600128000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600128000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DEB-1518681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEB-1518681"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMS-1750113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-1750113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIGMS R35 MIRA: 1R35GM133439-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIGMS R35 MIRA: 1R35GM133439-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The temperature-dependence of many important mosquito-borne diseases has never been quantified. These relationships are critical for understanding current distributions and predicting future shifts from climate change. We used trait-based models to characterize temperature-dependent transmission of 10 vector\u2013pathogen pairs of mosquitoes (\n                    <jats:italic>Culex pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Cx. quinquefascsiatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Cx. tarsalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and others) and viruses (West Nile, Eastern and Western Equine Encephalitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, Sindbis, and Rift Valley Fever viruses), most with substantial transmission in temperate regions. Transmission is optimized at intermediate temperatures (23\u201326\u00b0C) and often has wider thermal breadths (due to cooler lower thermal limits) compared to pathogens with predominately tropical distributions (in previous studies). The incidence of human West Nile virus cases across US counties responded unimodally to average summer temperature and peaked at 24\u00b0C, matching model-predicted optima (24\u201325\u00b0C). Climate warming will likely shift transmission of these diseases, increasing it in cooler locations while decreasing it in warmer locations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.58511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T20:00:27Z","timestamp":1600113627000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.58511","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":207,"title":["Transmission of West Nile and five other temperate mosquito-borne viruses peaks at temperatures between 23\u00b0C and 26\u00b0C"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8995-4446","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marta S","family":"Shocket","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States"},{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna B","family":"Verwillow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mailo G","family":"Numazu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hani","family":"Slamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy M","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, United States"},{"name":"Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadoua","family":"El Moustaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Rohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, United States"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute of Global Health, Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah R","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, United States"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic 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