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Despite their established involvement in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory disorders, the role of ILCs in cancer remains poorly defined. Here we assessed whether human ILCs can actively interact with the endothelium to promote tumor growth control, favoring immune cell adhesion. We show that, among all ILC subsets, ILCPs elicited the strongest upregulation of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro, mainly in a contact-dependent manner through the tumor necrosis factor receptor- and RANK-dependent engagement of the NF-\u03baB pathway. Moreover, the ILCP-mediated activation of the ECs resulted to be functional by fostering the adhesion of other innate and adaptive immune cells. Interestingly, pre-exposure of ILCPs to human tumor cell lines strongly impaired this capacity. Hence, the ILCP\u2013EC interaction might represent an attractive target to regulate the immune cell trafficking to tumor sites and, therefore, the establishment of an anti-tumor immune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.58838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T14:53:05Z","timestamp":1612795985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.58838","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Human primed ILCPs support endothelial activation through NF-\u03baB signaling"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3199-2412","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giulia","family":"Vanoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research - University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Ercolano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research - University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Candiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Science, Environment and Life, University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariangela","family":"Rutigliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory and Service, Histological and Anatomical Pathology, E.O. 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