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Mechanisms underlying increased susceptibility to infections are poorly understood. Chronic ethanol consumption induced increased mortality rates, higher\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    burden and reduced neutrophil recruitment into the airways. Intravital microscopy showed decrease in leukocyte adhesion and rolling after ethanol consumption. Moreover, downregulated neutrophil activation and increased levels of serum CXCL1 in ethanol-fed mice induced internalization of CXCR2 receptor in circulating neutrophils. Bone marrow-derived neutrophils from ethanol-fed mice showed lower fungal clearance and defective reactive oxygen species production. Taken together, results showed that ethanol affects activation, recruitment, phagocytosis and killing functions of neutrophils, causing susceptibility to pulmonary\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. This study establishes a new paradigm in innate immune response in chronic ethanol consumers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.58855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T08:01:19Z","timestamp":1595491279000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.58855","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Chronic ethanol consumption compromises neutrophil function in acute pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infection"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Nathalia Luisa Sousa de Oliveira","family":"Malacco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica Amanda Marques","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Minas 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