{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:20:00Z","timestamp":1788931200250,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613520000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00DC014288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00DC014288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Speech processing is built upon encoding by the auditory nerve and brainstem, yet we know very little about how these processes unfold in specific subcortical structures. These structures are deep and respond quickly, making them difficult to study during ongoing speech. Recent techniques have begun to address this problem, but yield temporally broad responses with consequently ambiguous neural origins. Here, we describe a method that pairs re-synthesized \u2018peaky\u2019 speech with deconvolution analysis of electroencephalography recordings. We show that in adults with normal hearing the method quickly yields robust responses whose component waves reflect activity from distinct subcortical structures spanning auditory nerve to rostral brainstem. We further demonstrate the versatility of peaky speech by simultaneously measuring bilateral and ear-specific responses across different frequency bands and discuss the important practical considerations such as talker choice. The peaky speech method holds promise as a tool for investigating speech encoding and processing, and for clinical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.62329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T08:01:16Z","timestamp":1613548876000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.62329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Exposing distinct subcortical components of the auditory brainstem response evoked by continuous naturalistic speech"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1914-6117","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melissa J","family":"Polonenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"},{"name":"Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"},{"name":"Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2668-0238","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ross K","family":"Maddox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"},{"name":"Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"},{"name":"Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1121\/1.411961","article-title":"Frequency contribution to the click-evoked auditory brain-stem response in human adults and infants","volume":"97","author":"Abdala","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00868.2018","article-title":"A novel EEG paradigm to simultaneously and rapidly assess the functioning of auditory and visual pathways","volume":"122","author":"Backer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2466","article-title":"The descending corticocollicular pathway mediates learning-induced auditory plasticity","volume":"13","author":"Bajo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2012.00114","article-title":"Cortical modulation of auditory processing in the midbrain","volume":"6","author":"Bajo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neural Circuits"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear Mixed-Effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3358","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3110132","article-title":"Auditory and auditory-visual intelligibility of speech in fluctuating maskers for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners","volume":"125","author":"Bernstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00026","article-title":"Cochlear neuropathy and the coding of supra-threshold sound","volume":"8","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib8","volume-title":"Praat: Doing Phonetics by Computer","author":"Boersma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boersma P, Weenink D. 2018. 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