{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T08:16:30Z","timestamp":1790756190977,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631232000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631232000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA046375"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA046375"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRFP"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRFP"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examined how the medial frontal (MFC) and orbital frontal (OFC) cortices process reward information. We simultaneously recorded local field potentials in the two areas as rats consumed liquid sucrose rewards. Both areas exhibited a 4\u20138 Hz \u2018theta\u2019 rhythm that was phase-locked to the lick cycle. The rhythm tracked shifts in sucrose concentrations and fluid volumes, demonstrating that it is sensitive to differences in reward magnitude. The coupling between the rhythm and licking was stronger in MFC than OFC and varied with response vigor and absolute reward value in the MFC. Spectral analysis revealed zero-lag coherence between the cortical areas, and found evidence for a directionality of the rhythm, with MFC leading OFC. Our findings suggest that consummatory behavior generates simultaneous theta range activity in the MFC and OFC that encodes the value of consumed fluids, with the MFC having a top-down role in the control of consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.63372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T10:00:17Z","timestamp":1631268017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.63372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Coherent theta activity in the medial and orbital frontal cortices encodes reward value"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3592-7346","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Linda M","family":"Amarante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, American University","place":["Washington DC, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2403-4497","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark","family":"Laubach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, American University","place":["Washington DC, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2921","article-title":"Medial prefrontal cortex as an action-outcome predictor","volume":"14","author":"Alexander","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10757","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.1965-17.2017","article-title":"Medial frontal theta is entrained to rewarded actions","volume":"37","author":"Amarante","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/eNeuro.0240-19.2019","article-title":"An open source syringe pump controller for fluid delivery of multiple volumes","volume":"6","author":"Amarante","year":"2019","journal-title":"ENeuro"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(98)00033-1","article-title":"Goal-directed instrumental action: Contingency and incentive learning and their cortical substrates","volume":"37","author":"Balleine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8954","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.20-23-08954.2000","article-title":"The effect of lesions of the insular cortex on instrumental conditioning: evidence for a role in incentive memory","volume":"20","author":"Balleine","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.08.28.272591","article-title":"Organisation of Afferents along the Anterior-Posterior and Medial-Lateral Axes of the Rat OFC","volume-title":"bioRxiv","author":"Barreiros","year":"2020"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2421-13.2014","article-title":"A spiking neural integrator model of the adaptive control of action by the medial prefrontal cortex","volume":"34","author":"Bekolay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1037\/h0025563","article-title":"Shifts in magnitude of reward and contrast effects in instrumental and selective learning: A reinterpretation","volume":"75","author":"Black","year":"1968","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10750","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0735-13.2013","article-title":"A neocortical delta rhythm facilitates reciprocal interlaminar interactions via nested theta rhythms","volume":"33","author":"Carracedo","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2011.01293.x","article-title":"Theta lingua franca: A common mid-frontal substrate for action monitoring processes: Omnipresent theta","volume":"49","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.04.012","article-title":"Frontal theta as a mechanism for cognitive control","volume":"18","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1037\/h0048851","article-title":"The loci of reinforcement","volume":"61","author":"Collier","year":"1961","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1037\/h0047144","article-title":"Deprivation and reinforcement","volume":"62","author":"Collier","year":"1961","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1417120","article-title":"Quantitative variation of incentive and performance in the white rat","volume":"55","author":"Crespi","year":"1942","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009","article-title":"EEGLAB: An open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis","volume":"134","author":"Delorme","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03212282","article-title":"Incentive contrast: A review of behavioral changes following shifts in reward","volume":"10","author":"Flaherty","year":"1982","journal-title":"Animal Learning and Behavior"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1037\/0097-7403.12.4.381","article-title":"Successive, simultaneous, and anticipatory contrast in the consumption of saccharin solutions","volume":"12","author":"Flaherty","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2003.08.056","article-title":"Areal and synaptic interconnectivity of prelimbic (area 32), infralimbic (area 25) and insular cortices in the rat","volume":"993","author":"Gabbott","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20738","article-title":"Prefrontal cortex in the rat: Projections to subcortical autonomic, motor, and limbic centers","volume":"492","author":"Gabbott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6610","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.19-15-06610.1999","article-title":"Orbitofrontal cortex and representation of incentive value in associative learning","volume":"19","author":"Gallagher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00467.2005","article-title":"Orbitofrontal ensemble activity monitors licking and distinguishes among natural rewards","volume":"95","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1201\/b14859-16","article-title":"Increases in spike timing precision improves gustatory discrimination upon learning","volume":"20","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spike Timing"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/s0079-6107(96)00009-0","article-title":"A framework for the analysis of mixed time series\/point process data--theory and application to the study of physiological tremor, single motor unit discharges and electromyograms","volume":"64","author":"Halliday","year":"1995","journal-title":"Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2013.00056","article-title":"Reward-related activity in the medial prefrontal cortex is driven by consumption","volume":"7","author":"Horst","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib25","volume-title":"Principles of Behavior","author":"Hull","year":"1943"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1037\/h0045841","article-title":"Instrumental licking behavior as a function of schedule, volume, and concentration of a saccharine reinforcer","volume":"60","author":"Hulse","year":"1960","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10529","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.1678-17.2017","article-title":"Functional heterogeneity within rat orbitofrontal cortex in reward learning and decision making","volume":"37","author":"Izquierdo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/Eneuro.0407-18.2018","article-title":"Prefrontal theta oscillations promote selective encoding of behaviorally relevant events","volume":"5","author":"Jarovi","year":"2018","journal-title":"ENeuro"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.115.1.188","article-title":"Dissociation of licking and volume intake controls in rats ingesting glucose and maltodextrin","volume":"115","author":"Kaplan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2007.02.002","article-title":"The role of the agranular insular cortex in anticipation of reward contrast","volume":"88","author":"Kesner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2007.03.005","article-title":"Event-related phase reorganization may explain evoked neural dynamics","volume":"31","author":"Klimesch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00187","article-title":"Are different rhythms good for different functions","volume":"4","author":"Kopell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2014.12.001","article-title":"Mistakes were made: Neural mechanisms for the adaptive control of action initiation by the medial prefrontal cortex","volume":"109","author":"Laubach","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology-Paris"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/Eneuro.0315-18.2018","article-title":"What, if anything, is rodent prefrontal cortex","volume":"5","author":"Laubach","year":"2018","journal-title":"ENeuro"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14693","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.2218-11.2011","article-title":"Comparing apples and oranges: using reward-specific and reward-general subjective value representation in the brain","volume":"31","author":"Levy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2012.06.001","article-title":"The root of all value: A neural common currency for choice","volume":"22","author":"Levy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-017-1573-1","article-title":"Nasal respiration entrains delta-frequency oscillations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rodents","volume":"223","author":"Lockmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Structure & Function"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00974-1","article-title":"Neural economics and the biological substrates of valuation","volume":"36","author":"Montague","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3549","article-title":"Common medial frontal mechanisms of adaptive control in humans and rodents","volume":"16","author":"Narayanan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.3.206","article-title":"The organization of networks within the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of rats, monkeys and humans","volume":"10","author":"\u00d6ng\u00fcr","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04676","article-title":"Neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex encode economic value","volume":"441","author":"Padoa-Schioppa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2020","article-title":"The representation of economic value in the orbitofrontal cortex is invariant for changes of menu","volume":"11","author":"Padoa-Schioppa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-061010-113648","article-title":"Neurobiology of economic choice: A good-based model","volume":"34","author":"Padoa-Schioppa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2015.00023","article-title":"The medial prefrontal cortex is crucial for the maintenance of persistent licking and the expression of incentive contrast","volume":"9","author":"Parent","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00284","article-title":"Cholinergic and ghrelinergic receptors and KCNQ channels in the medial PFC regulate the expression of palatability","volume":"9","author":"Parent","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:osobl\/9780199552917.001.0001","volume-title":"The Neurobiology of the Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Evolution, and the Origin of Insight","author":"Passingham","year":"2012"},{"key":"bib47","volume-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos","year":"2013"},{"key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e32832fbf30","article-title":"Neuronal activity in rat medial prefrontal cortex during sucrose solution intake","volume":"20","author":"Petyk\u00f3","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.03.034","article-title":"Responses of rat medial prefrontal cortical neurons to pavlovian conditioned stimuli and to delivery of appetitive reward","volume":"287","author":"Petyk\u00f3","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(01)00204-2","article-title":"Neurons in rat medial prefrontal cortex show anticipatory rate changes to predictable differential rewards in a spatial memory task","volume":"123","author":"Pratt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2357","article-title":"A framework for studying the neurobiology of value-based decision making","volume":"9","author":"Rangel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.2951-16.2016","article-title":"Orbitofrontal cortex signals expected outcomes with predictive codes when stable contingencies promote the integration of reward history","volume":"37","author":"Riceberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.06.012","article-title":"Distinct roles for the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex in representing the relative amount of expected reward","volume":"95","author":"Saez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.03.014","article-title":"Are event-related potential components generated by phase resetting of brain oscillations? A critical discussion","volume":"146","author":"Sauseng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.07.018","article-title":"Orbitofrontal cortex, associative learning, and expectancies","volume":"47","author":"Schoenbaum","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2753","article-title":"A new perspective on the role of the orbitofrontal cortex in adaptive behaviour","volume":"10","author":"Schoenbaum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/s0149-7634(87)80032-5","article-title":"Sex differences in polysaccharide and sugar preferences in rats","volume":"11","author":"Sclafani","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00884.2015","article-title":"Action-outcome relationships are represented differently by medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex neurons during action execution","volume":"114","author":"Simon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4090","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy292","article-title":"Enhanced population coding for rewarded choices in the medial frontal cortex of the mouse","volume":"29","author":"Siniscalchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10029-000","volume-title":"Behavior Theory and Conditioning","author":"Spence","year":"1956"},{"key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.04.032","article-title":"Reward value comparison via mutual inhibition in ventromedial prefrontal cortex","volume":"82","author":"Strait","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2881","article-title":"Role of rodent secondary motor cortex in value-based action selection","volume":"14","author":"Sul","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1037\/bne0000322","article-title":"The rat medial frontal cortex controls pace, but not breakpoint, in a progressive ratio licking task","volume":"133","author":"Swanson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(96)00045-0","article-title":"Motor and premotor mechanisms of licking","volume":"21","author":"Travers","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/19525","article-title":"Relative reward preference in primate orbitofrontal cortex","volume":"398","author":"Tremblay","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1142","article-title":"Speed and accuracy of olfactory discrimination in the rat","volume":"6","author":"Uchida","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8965","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.0005-09.2009","article-title":"Single-cell and population coding of expected reward probability in the orbitofrontal cortex of the rat","volume":"29","author":"van Duuren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7078","DOI":"10.1523\/JNeurosci.3860-09.2010","article-title":"Theta-band phase locking of orbitofrontal neurons during reward expectancy","volume":"30","author":"van Wingerden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2015.05.003","article-title":"Relative reward effects on operant behavior: Incentive contrast, induction and variety effects","volume":"116","author":"Webber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behavioural Processes"},{"key":"bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(98)00003-7","article-title":"Licking behavior in the rat: Measurement and situational control of licking frequency","volume":"22","author":"Weijnen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2012.00233","article-title":"Filter effects and filter artifacts in the analysis of electrophysiological data","volume":"3","author":"Widmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00210","article-title":"Selective theta-synchronization of choice-relevant information subserves goal-directed behavior","volume":"4","author":"Womelsdorf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22013","article-title":"Corticofugal projections to trigeminal motoneurons innervating antagonistic jaw muscles in rats as demonstrated by anterograde and retrograde tract tracing","volume":"514","author":"Yoshida","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology"}],"container-title":["eLife"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/63372\/elife-63372-v3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/63372\/elife-63372-v3.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/63372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T21:04:40Z","timestamp":1697058280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/63372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.7554\/eLife.63372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.63372","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"accession","id":"de78t","asserted-by":"subject"}],"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.63372.sa2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.63372.sa1","asserted-by":"object"}],"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.09.22.308809","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2050-084X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-084X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"single anonymised","name":"peer_review_transparency","label":"Peer review transparency","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"other reviewer(s), editor","name":"peer_review_interaction","label":"Peer review interaction","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"review summaries, review reports, author\/editor communication, reviewer identities reviewer opt in, editor identities","name":"peer_review_published","label":"Peer review published","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"open (sign in with ORCID iD required)","name":"post_publication_commenting","label":"Post publication commenting","group":{"name":"post_publication_commenting"}}],"article-number":"e63372"}}