{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:39:14Z","timestamp":1791639554431,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32-EB001650"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32-EB001650"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008227","name":"Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008227","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/S015086\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/S015086\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HL152256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HL152256"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"H2020 European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PREDICT-HF (864055)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PREDICT-HF (864055)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG\/20\/4\/34803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG\/20\/4\/34803"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/P01268X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/P01268X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["203148\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["203148\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH 5-U01-NS095869"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH 5-U01-NS095869"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Washington","award":["John L. Locke Charitable Trust fund"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["John L. Locke Charitable Trust fund"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revealed fibrosis in embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) patients comparable to levels seen in atrial fibrillation (AFib). We used computational modeling to understand the absence of arrhythmia in ESUS despite the presence of putatively pro-arrhythmic fibrosis. MRI-based atrial models were reconstructed for 45 ESUS and 45 AFib patients. The fibrotic substrate\u2019s arrhythmogenic capacity in each patient was assessed computationally. Reentrant drivers were induced in 24\/45 (53%) ESUS and 22\/45 (49%) AFib models. Inducible models had more fibrosis (16.7 \u00b1 5.45%) than non-inducible models (11.07 \u00b1 3.61%; p&lt;0.0001); however, inducible subsets of ESUS and AFib models had similar fibrosis levels (p=0.90), meaning that the\n                    <jats:italic>intrinsic pro-arrhythmic substrate properties<\/jats:italic>\n                    of fibrosis in ESUS and AFib are indistinguishable. This suggests that some ESUS patients have latent pre-clinical fibrotic substrate that could be a future source of arrhythmogenicity. Thus, our work prompts the hypothesis that ESUS patients with fibrotic atria are spared from AFib due to an absence of arrhythmia triggers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.64213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T10:06:41Z","timestamp":1619604401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.64213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Computational modeling identifies embolic stroke of undetermined source patients with potential arrhythmic substrate"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6679-6716","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Savannah F","family":"Bifulco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Griffin D","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakher","family":"Sarairah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Birjandian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6809-0928","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Caroline H","family":"Roney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4612-6982","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steven A","family":"Niederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Mahnkopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Klinikum Coburg, Coburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kuhnlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Klinikum Coburg, Coburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Mitlacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Klinikum Coburg, Coburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Tirschwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WT","family":"Longstreth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2001-6806","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nazem","family":"Akoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9048-1239","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patrick M","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"},{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"},{"name":"Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz083","article-title":"Arrhythmogenic propensity of the fibrotic substrate after atrial fibrillation ablation: a longitudinal study using magnetic resonance imaging-based atrial models","volume":"115","author":"Ali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166972","article-title":"Reentry and Ectopic Pacemakers Emerge in a Three-Dimensional Model for a Slab of Cardiac Tissue with Diffuse Microfibrosis near the Percolation Threshold","volume":"11","author":"Alonso","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.303211","article-title":"The clinical profile and pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation: relationships among clinical features, epidemiology, and mechanisms","volume":"114","author":"Andrade","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation research"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00414","article-title":"Comparing Reentrant Drivers Predicted by Image-Based Computational Modeling and Mapped by Electrocardiographic Imaging in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Boyle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01151","article-title":"The Fibrotic Substrate in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Patients: Comparison Between Predictions From Computational Modeling and Measurements From Focal Impulse and Rotor Mapping","volume":"9","author":"Boyle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0437-9","article-title":"Computationally guided personalized targeted ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation","volume":"3","author":"Boyle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2020-317455","article-title":"Fibrosis, atrial fibrillation and stroke: clinical updates and emerging mechanistic models","volume":"107","author":"Boyle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i3","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaa385","article-title":"Characterizing the arrhythmogenic substrate in personalized models of atrial fibrillation: sensitivity to mesh resolution and pacing protocol in AF models","volume":"23","author":"Boyle","year":"2021","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.115.003333","article-title":"Uncovering Atrial Fibrillation Beyond Short-Term Monitoring in Cryptogenic Stroke Patients: Three-Year Results From the Cryptogenic Stroke and Underlying Atrial Fibrillation Trial","volume":"9","author":"Brachmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2017.07.019","article-title":"Relationship Between Fibrosis Detected on Late Gadolinium-Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Re-Entrant Activity Assessed With Electrocardiographic Imaging in Human Persistent Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"4","author":"Cochet","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H301","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1998.275.1.H301","article-title":"Ionic mechanisms underlying human atrial action potential properties: insights from a mathematical model","volume":"275","author":"Courtemanche","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5003340","article-title":"Sensitivity of reentrant driver localization to electrophysiological parameter variability in image-based computational models of persistent atrial fibrillation sustained by a fibrotic substrate","volume":"27","author":"Deng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.2579","article-title":"Gmsh: A 3-D finite element mesh generator with built-in pre- and post-processing facilities","volume":"79","author":"Geuzaine","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/713058","article-title":"Simulation of ectopic pacemakers in the heart: multiple ectopic beats generated by reentry inside fibrotic regions","volume":"2015","author":"Gouv\u00eaa de Barros","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005421","article-title":"Driver domains in persistent atrial fibrillation","volume":"130","author":"Haissaguerre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iii45","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euy234","article-title":"Arrhythmia dynamics in computational models of the atria following virtual ablation of re-entrant drivers","volume":"20","author":"Hakim","year":"2018","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2018.08.024","article-title":"Human Atrial Fibrillation Drivers Resolved\u00a0With Integrated Functional and\u00a0Structural Imaging to Benefit Clinical\u00a0Mapping","volume":"4","author":"Hansen","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.016414","article-title":"Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: A Systematic Review and Clinical Update","volume":"48","author":"Hart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1160\/TH17-02-0072","article-title":"Detection of atrial fibrillation in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source by prolonged monitoring with implantable loop recorders","volume":"117","author":"Israel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thrombosis and Haemostasis"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.03.081","article-title":"Inverse relationship between fractionated electrograms and atrial fibrosis in persistent atrial fibrillation: combined magnetic resonance imaging and high-density mapping","volume":"62","author":"Jadidi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.4.1665","article-title":"High-density mapping of electrically induced atrial fibrillation in humans","volume":"89","author":"Konings","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.111.969022","article-title":"Mechanisms of human atrial fibrillation initiation: clinical and computational studies of repolarization restitution and activation latency","volume":"5","author":"Krummen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv21","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu256","article-title":"A bilayer model of human atria: mathematical background, construction, and assessment","volume":"16","author":"Labarthe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00363-6","article-title":"The rate and anisotropy of impulse propagation in the postnatal terminal crest are correlated with remodeling of Cx43 gap junction pattern","volume":"45","author":"Litchenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3","article-title":"Association of atrial tissue fibrosis identified by delayed enhancement MRI and atrial fibrillation catheter ablation: the DECAAF study","volume":"311","author":"Marrouche","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4331","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2011.0139","article-title":"Verification of cardiac tissue electrophysiology simulators using an N -version benchmark","volume":"369","author":"Niederer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences"},{"key":"bib27","article-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2019","unstructured":"R Development Core Team. 2019. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. 2.6.2. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv146","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euw365","article-title":"Modelling methodology of atrial fibrosis affects rotor dynamics and electrograms","volume":"18","author":"Roney","year":"2016","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2019.04.004","article-title":"Universal atrial coordinates applied to visualisation, registration and construction of patient specific meshes","volume":"55","author":"Roney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medical Image Analysis"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2018.10.019","article-title":"A technique for measuring anisotropy in atrial conduction to estimate conduction velocity and atrial fibre direction","volume":"104","author":"Roney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computers in Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.572874","article-title":"In silico comparison of left atrial ablation techniques that target the anatomical, structural, and electrical substrates of atrial fibrillation","volume":"11","author":"Roney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-020-02525-w","article-title":"Constructing a human atrial fibre atlas","volume":"49","author":"Roney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.02.030","article-title":"Techniques for the provocation, localization, and ablation of non-pulmonary vein triggers for atrial fibrillation","volume":"14","author":"Santangeli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.119.008213","article-title":"Preprocedure Application of Machine Learning and Mechanistic Simulations Predicts Likelihood of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Following Pulmonary Vein Isolation","volume":"13","author":"Shade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.153858","article-title":"Spatial distribution of fibrosis governs fibrillation wave dynamics in the posterior left atrium during heart failure","volume":"101","author":"Tanaka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e381","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007827","article-title":"Embolic stroke of undetermined source correlates to atrial fibrosis without atrial fibrillation","volume":"93","author":"Tandon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2017.11.017","article-title":"Regional conduction velocity calculation from clinical multichannel electrograms in human atria","volume":"92","author":"Verma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computers in Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2003.09.017","article-title":"Computational tools for modeling electrical activity in cardiac tissue","volume":"36","author":"Vigmond","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Electrocardiology"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2007.07.012","article-title":"Solvers for the cardiac bidomain equations","volume":"96","author":"Vigmond","year":"2008","journal-title":"Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2004.07.016","article-title":"Deterioration of interatrial conduction in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: electroanatomic mapping of the right atrium and coronary sinus","volume":"1","author":"Xia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvw073","article-title":"Patient-derived models link re-entrant driver localization in atrial fibrillation to fibrosis spatial pattern","volume":"110","author":"Zahid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.04.009","article-title":"Feasibility of using patient-specific models and the \"minimum cut\" algorithm to predict optimal ablation targets for left atrial flutter","volume":"13","author":"Zahid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"}],"container-title":["eLife"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/64213\/elife-64213-v2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/64213\/elife-64213-v2.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/64213","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T21:06:06Z","timestamp":1697058366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/64213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.7554\/eLife.64213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.64213","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.14347979","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.14348042","asserted-by":"subject"}],"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.64213.sa1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7554\/eLife.64213.sa2","asserted-by":"object"}],"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.09.03.20184051","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2050-084X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-084X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"single anonymised","name":"peer_review_transparency","label":"Peer review transparency","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"other reviewer(s), editor","name":"peer_review_interaction","label":"Peer review interaction","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"review summaries, review reports, author\/editor communication, reviewer identities reviewer opt in, editor identities","name":"peer_review_published","label":"Peer review published","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"open (sign in with ORCID iD required)","name":"post_publication_commenting","label":"Post publication commenting","group":{"name":"post_publication_commenting"}}],"article-number":"e64213"}}