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Here, we demonstrate that a unilateral injury of the hindlimb sensorimotor cortex of rats with completely transected thoracic spinal cord produces hindlimb postural asymmetry with contralateral flexion and asymmetric hindlimb withdrawal reflexes within 3 hr, as well as asymmetry in gene expression patterns in the lumbar spinal cord. The injury-induced postural effects were abolished by hypophysectomy and were mimicked by transfusion of serum from animals with brain injury. Administration of the pituitary neurohormones \u03b2-endorphin or Arg-vasopressin-induced side-specific hindlimb responses in naive animals, while antagonists of the opioid and vasopressin receptors blocked hindlimb postural asymmetry in rats with brain injury. Thus, in addition to the well-established involvement of motor pathways descending from the brain to spinal circuits, the side-specific humoral signaling may also add to postural and reflex asymmetries seen after brain injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.65247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T20:00:49Z","timestamp":1628539249000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.65247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Left-right side-specific endocrine signaling complements neural pathways to mediate acute asymmetric effects of brain injury"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nikolay","family":"Lukoyanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biomedicina da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, 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