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During exploration, the dentate gyrus has been proposed to act as a pattern separator. However, the dentate gyrus also shows structured activity during immobility and sleep. The properties of these activity patterns at cellular resolution, and their role in hippocampal-dependent memory processes have remained unclear. Using dual-color in-vivo two-photon Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    imaging, we show that in immobile mice dentate granule cells generate sparse, synchronized activity patterns associated with entorhinal cortex activation. These population events are structured and modified by changes in the environment; and they incorporate place- and speed cells. Importantly, they are more similar than expected by chance to population patterns evoked during self-motion. Using optogenetic inhibition, we show that granule cell activity is not only required during exploration, but also during immobility in order to form dentate gyrus-dependent spatial memories.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.65786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T08:00:19Z","timestamp":1615536019000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.65786","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Synchronous activity patterns in the dentate gyrus during immobility"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9473-6195","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Martin","family":"Pofahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn Medical Center, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, 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