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However, the direct effects of SSNA1 on microtubules are not known. We employed in vitro reconstitution with purified proteins and TIRF microscopy to investigate the activity of human SSNA1 on dynamic microtubule ends and lattices. Our results show that SSNA1 modulates all parameters of microtubule dynamic instability\u2014slowing down the rates of growth, shrinkage, and catastrophe, and promoting rescue. We find that SSNA1 forms stretches along growing microtubule ends and binds cooperatively to the microtubule lattice. Furthermore, SSNA1 is enriched on microtubule damage sites, occurring both naturally, as well as induced by the microtubule severing enzyme spastin. Finally, SSNA1 binding protects microtubules against spastin\u2019s severing activity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SSNA1 is both a potent microtubule-stabilizing protein and a novel sensor of microtubule damage; activities that likely underlie SSNA1\u2019s functions on microtubule structures in cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.67282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]],"date-time":"2021-12-31T06:00:57Z","timestamp":1640930457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.67282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["SSNA1 stabilizes dynamic microtubules and detects microtubule damage"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9543-8678","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth J","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University","place":["Nashville, United 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