{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:07:45Z","timestamp":1790510865672,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651708800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Graduate Student Fellowship, T32GM136444"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Graduate Student Fellowship, T32GM136444"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35GM136253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM136253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011866","name":"Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Center for Neuroscience Pilot Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Center for Neuroscience Pilot Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011866","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005508","name":"Boettcher Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Boettcher Webb-Waring Biomedical Research Program Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Boettcher Webb-Waring Biomedical Research Program Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005508","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007180","name":"Children's Hospital Colorado","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Program in Pediatric Stem Cell Biology"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Program in Pediatric Stem Cell Biology"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Heterozygous, missense mutations in \u03b1- or \u03b2-tubulin genes are associated with a wide range of human brain malformations, known as tubulinopathies. We seek to understand whether a mutation\u2019s impact at the molecular and cellular levels scale with the severity of brain malformation. Here, we focus on two mutations at the valine 409 residue of TUBA1A, V409I, and V409A, identified in patients with pachygyria or lissencephaly, respectively. We find that ectopic expression of\n                    <jats:italic>TUBA1A<\/jats:italic>\n                    -V409I\/A mutants disrupt neuronal migration in mice and promote excessive neurite branching and a decrease in the number of neurite retraction events in primary rat neuronal cultures. These neuronal phenotypes are accompanied by increased microtubule acetylation and polymerization rates. To determine the molecular mechanisms, we modeled the V409I\/A mutants in budding yeast and found that they promote intrinsically faster microtubule polymerization rates in cells and in reconstitution experiments with purified tubulin. In addition, V409I\/A mutants decrease the recruitment of XMAP215\/Stu2 to plus ends in budding yeast and ablate tubulin binding to TOG (tumor overexpressed gene) domains. In each assay tested, the\n                    <jats:italic>TUBA1A<\/jats:italic>\n                    -V409I mutant exhibits an intermediate phenotype between wild type and the more severe\n                    <jats:italic>TUBA1A<\/jats:italic>\n                    -V409A, reflecting the severity observed in brain malformations. Together, our data support a model in which the V409I\/A mutations disrupt microtubule regulation typically conferred by XMAP215 proteins during neuronal morphogenesis and migration, and this impact on tubulin activity at the molecular level scales with the impact at the cellular and tissue levels.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.76189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T08:15:29Z","timestamp":1651738529000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.76189","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["TUBA1A tubulinopathy mutants disrupt neuron morphogenesis and override XMAP215\/Stu2 regulation of microtubule dynamics"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2678-1859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katelyn 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