{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T23:10:37Z","timestamp":1788909037567,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652745600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI079022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI079022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110-2636-B-002 -014 -"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2636-B-002 -014 -"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Typhoid toxin is an essential virulence factor for\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhi, the cause of typhoid fever in humans. This toxin has an unusual biology in that it is produced by\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhi only when located within host cells. Once synthesized, the toxin is secreted to the lumen of the\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -containing vacuole from where it is transported to the extracellular space by vesicle carrier intermediates. Here, we report the identification of the typhoid toxin sorting receptor and components of the cellular machinery that packages the toxin into vesicle carriers, and exports it to the extracellular space. We found that the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor serves as typhoid toxin sorting receptor and that the coat protein COPII and the GTPase Sar1 mediate its packaging into vesicle carriers. Formation of the typhoid toxin carriers requires the specific environment of the\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhi-containing vacuole, which is determined by the activities of specific effectors of its type III protein secretion systems. We also found that Rab11B and its interacting protein Rip11 control the intracellular transport of the typhoid toxin carriers, and the SNARE proteins VAMP7, SNAP23, and Syntaxin 4 their fusion to the plasma membrane. Typhoid toxin\u2019s cooption of specific cellular machinery for its transport to the extracellular space illustrates the remarkable adaptation of an exotoxin to exert its function in the context of an intracellular pathogen.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.78561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T08:01:17Z","timestamp":1652774477000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.78561","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Typhoid toxin sorting and exocytic transport from Salmonella Typhi-infected cells"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6037-6339","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shu-Jung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03v76x132","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine","place":["New Haven, United 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Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05bqach95","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1339-0859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"Lara-Tejero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03v76x132","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine","place":["New Haven, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6531-0355","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jorge 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