{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T08:24:57Z","timestamp":1791015897388,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":230,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY032492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY032492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY017017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY017017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY030904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006823","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U54HD090255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U54HD090255"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007745","name":"Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["77426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["77426"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007745","name":"Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["73735"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["73735"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006823","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elifesciences.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>At preterm birth, the retina is incompletely vascularized. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is initiated by the postnatal suppression of physiological retinal vascular development that would normally occur in utero. As the neural retina slowly matures, increasing metabolic demand including in the peripheral avascular retina, leads to signals for compensatory but pathological neovascularization. Currently, only late neovascular ROP is treated. ROP could be prevented by promoting normal vascular growth. Early perinatal metabolic dysregulation is a strong but understudied risk factor for ROP and other long-term sequelae of preterm birth. We will discuss the metabolic and oxygen needs of retina, current treatments, and potential interventions to promote normal vessel growth including control of postnatal hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hyperoxia-induced retinal metabolic alterations. Early supplementation of missing nutrients and growth factors and control of supplemental oxygen promotes physiological retinal development. We will discuss the current knowledge gap in retinal metabolism after preterm birth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.80550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T19:00:12Z","timestamp":1669230012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.80550","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Retinopathy of prematurity: Metabolic risk factors"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8182-2983","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhongjie","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00dvg7y05","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School","place":["Boston, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3631-0783","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anders K","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tm6cn81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Sahlgrenska Centre for Pediatric Ophthalmology Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg","place":["Gothenburg, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9259-1244","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ann","family":"Hellstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tm6cn81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Sahlgrenska Centre for Pediatric Ophthalmology Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg","place":["Gothenburg, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7644-6410","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lois EH","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00dvg7y05","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School","place":["Boston, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.511295","article-title":"Mitochondria contribute to NADPH generation in mouse rod photoreceptors","volume":"289","author":"Adler","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1006\/mvre.2001.2321","article-title":"Measurement of blood flow through the retinal circulation of the cat during normoxia and hypoxemia using fluorescent microspheres","volume":"62","author":"Ahmed","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microvascular Research"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4351","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0204","article-title":"Rod photoreceptor function predicts blood vessel abnormality in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"48","author":"Akula","year":"2007","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374203-2.00169-X","article-title":"Developmental anatomy of the retinal and choroidal vasculature","volume":"48","author":"Anand-Apte","year":"2010","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of the Eye"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211067","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity and pulse oximetry: a national survey of recent practices","volume":"24","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.09.041","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota development in preterm neonates and effect of perinatal antibiotics","volume":"166","author":"Arboleya","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0230678","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes following intravitreal bevacizumab injection in Japanese preterm infants with type 1 retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"15","author":"Arima","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-824X-5-4","article-title":"The importance of microglia in the development of the vasculature in the central nervous system","volume":"5","author":"Arnold","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vascular Cell"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-11-6","article-title":"NeOProM: neonatal oxygenation prospective meta-analysis collaboration study protocol","volume":"11","author":"Askie","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.5725","article-title":"Association between oxygen saturation targeting and death or disability in extremely preterm infants in the neonatal oxygenation prospective meta-analysis collaboration","volume":"319","author":"Askie","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn2070","article-title":"Mitochondria in cone photoreceptors act as microlenses to enhance photon delivery and confer directional sensitivity to light","volume":"8","author":"Ball","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.20471\/acc.2018.57.03.08","article-title":"Pro-Oxidants and antioxidants in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"57","author":"Banjac","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Clinica Croatica"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0803725","article-title":"Early insulin therapy in very-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"359","author":"Beardsall","year":"2008","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.90.6.2279","article-title":"Role of thromboxane in retinal microvascular degeneration in oxygen-induced retinopathy","volume":"90","author":"Beauchamp","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20278-4","article-title":"Targeted knockdown of overexpressed VEGFA or VEGF164 in M\u00fcller cells maintains retinal function by triggering different signaling mechanisms","volume":"8","author":"Becker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.11.002","article-title":"The influence of fish-oil lipid emulsions on retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"90","author":"Beken","year":"2014","journal-title":"Early Human Development"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1497","article-title":"Enteral docosahexaenoic acid and retinopathy of prematurity: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"43","author":"Bernabe-Garc\u00eda","year":"2019","journal-title":"JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(89)80797-8","article-title":"Insulin infusion with parenteral nutrition in extremely low birth weight infants with hyperglycemia","volume":"114","author":"Binder","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay5356","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps target senescent vasculature for tissue remodeling in retinopathy","volume":"369","author":"Binet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28557","article-title":"The diamond (DHA intake and measurement of neural development) study: a double-masked, randomized controlled clinical trial of the maturation of infant visual acuity as a function of the dietary level of docosahexaenoic acid","volume":"91","author":"Birch","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.02.017","article-title":"Mitochondrial retinopathy","volume":"6","author":"Birtel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology. Retina"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107606","article-title":"Succinate can shuttle reducing power from the hypoxic retina to the o2-rich pigment epithelium","volume":"31","author":"Bisbach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211594","article-title":"Hyperglycemia in extremely low birth weight infants in a predominantly Hispanic population and related morbidities","volume":"26","author":"Blanco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23810","article-title":"Temporospatial distribution and transcriptional profile of retinal microglia in the oxygen-induced retinopathy mouse model","volume":"68","author":"Boeck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01465-6","article-title":"Evaluation of pro-oxidant antioxidant balance in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"36","author":"Boskabadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abk2189","article-title":"Immune-microbe interactions early in life: a determinant of health and disease long term","volume":"376","author":"Brodin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"bib27","first-page":"222","article-title":"Reduced severity of oxygen-induced retinopathy in eNOS-deficient mice","volume":"42","author":"Brooks","year":"2001","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.99448","article-title":"Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"3","author":"Cakir","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.140363","article-title":"Igf1, serum glucose, and retinopathy of prematurity in extremely preterm infants","volume":"5","author":"Cakir","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17962","article-title":"M-Type pyruvate kinase isoforms and lactate dehydrogenase A in the mammalian retina: metabolic implications","volume":"57","author":"Casson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib31","first-page":"1201","article-title":"The effect of oxygen on vasoformative cell division. Evidence that \u201c physiological hypoxia \u201d is the stimulus for normal retinal vasculogenesis","volume":"36","author":"Chan-Ling","year":"1995","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2011.19","article-title":"Contribution of early glycemic status in the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity in a cohort of ELBW infants","volume":"31","author":"Chavez-Valdez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.982564","article-title":"Dysfunctional peroxisomal lipid metabolisms and their ocular manifestations","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28987-6","article-title":"A lower dose of intravitreal conbercept effectively treats retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"8","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.25946","article-title":"Glycolytic reliance promotes anabolism in photoreceptors","volume":"6","author":"Chinchore","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.2.339","article-title":"Can changes in clinical practice decrease the incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants?","volume":"111","author":"Chow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2016.12.003","article-title":"Peroxisomal dysfunction in age-related diseases","volume":"28","author":"Cipolla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2007.11.007","article-title":"Treatment of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"84","author":"Clark","year":"2008","journal-title":"Early Human Development"},{"key":"bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1960.tb13363.x","article-title":"Glucose catabolism of rabbit retina before and after development of visual function","volume":"5","author":"Cohen","year":"1960","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1591","article-title":"Increased dietary intake of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Connor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.07.025","article-title":"Retinal metabolism: A comparative look at energetics in the retina","volume":"1672","author":"Country","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.01.011","article-title":"Pathological angiogenesis in retinopathy engages cellular senescence and is amenable to therapeutic elimination via Bcl-xL inhibition","volume":"33","author":"Crespo-Garcia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00203324","article-title":"Intraretinal oxygen tension in the rat eye","volume":"229","author":"Cringle","year":"1991","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie"},{"key":"bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91287-5_38","article-title":"Regulation of oxygen tension in the mammalian retina during systemic hyperoxia is species dependent","volume":"1072","author":"Cringle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1159\/000047059","article-title":"Postnatal dexamethasone treatment and retinopathy of prematurity in very-low-birth-weight neonates","volume":"79","author":"Cuculich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biology of the Neonate"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-019-0391-y","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in the gut microbiome of infants on total parenteral nutrition","volume":"86","author":"Dahlgren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-021-01528-0","article-title":"Blood protein profiles related to preterm birth and retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"91","author":"Danielsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-14-77","article-title":"Macular dystrophy associated with the mitochondrial DNA A3243G mutation: pericentral pigment deposits or atrophy? report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Daruich","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084101","article-title":"Peroxisomal disorders and their mouse models point to essential roles of peroxisomes for retinal integrity","volume":"22","author":"Das","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-10-1-68","article-title":"Insulin-Like growth factors I and II. peptide, messenger ribonucleic acid and gene structures, serum, and tissue concentrations","volume":"10","author":"Daughaday","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"key":"bib51","first-page":"467","article-title":"Microglia and macrophages are increased in response to ischemia-induced retinopathy in the mouse retina","volume":"12","author":"Davies","year":"2006","journal-title":"Molecular Vision"},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.06.037","article-title":"Role of PFKFB3-driven glycolysis in vessel sprouting","volume":"154","author":"De Bock","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3865","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-134882","article-title":"Fatty acid binding protein 4 is a target of VEGF and a regulator of cell proliferation in endothelial cells","volume":"23","author":"Elmasri","year":"2009","journal-title":"FASEB Journal"},{"key":"bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.652590","article-title":"Case report: a novel mutation in the mitochondrial MT-ND5 gene is associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)","volume":"12","author":"Engvall","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"bib55","first-page":"342","article-title":"The effect of arterial PO2 on relative retinal blood flow in monkeys","volume":"14","author":"Eperon","year":"1975","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4030","article-title":"Host microbiota constantly control maturation and function of microglia in the CNS","volume":"18","author":"Erny","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib57","first-page":"5442","article-title":"Effect of platelet transfusion on retinopathy of prematurity- hospital based prospective study","volume":"25","author":"Faheem","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology"},{"key":"bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09252-4","article-title":"Perinatal factors affect the gut microbiota up to four years after birth","volume":"10","author":"Fouhy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.12.001","article-title":"Role of peroxisomes in ROS\/RNS-metabolism: implications for human disease","volume":"1822","author":"Fransen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122412","article-title":"Decreased acetic acid in the stool of preterm infants is associated with an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"14","author":"Frazer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5698","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10122","article-title":"Aldose reductase deficiency reduced vascular changes in neonatal mouse retina in oxygen-induced retinopathy","volume":"53","author":"Fu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.099291","article-title":"Dietary \u03c9-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease retinal neovascularization by adipose-endoplasmic reticulum stress reduction to increase adiponectin","volume":"101","author":"Fu","year":"2015","journal-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-015-3024-0","article-title":"Deficiency of aldose reductase attenuates inner retinal neuronal changes in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"253","author":"Fu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie"},{"key":"bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.01.014","article-title":"FGF21 administration suppresses retinal and choroidal neovascularization in mice","volume":"18","author":"Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"key":"bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201707966","article-title":"Photoreceptor glucose metabolism determines normal retinal vascular growth","volume":"10","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"EMBO Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.2337\/db17-0830","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21 protects photoreceptor function in type 1 diabetic mice","volume":"67","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041503","article-title":"Targeting neurovascular interaction in retinal disorders","volume":"21","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14071333","article-title":"Omega-3\/Omega-6 long-chain fatty acid imbalance in phase I retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"14","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-008-9127-8","article-title":"Retinal degenerative and hypoxic ischemic disease","volume":"118","author":"Fulton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1815111","article-title":"Serine and lipid metabolism in macular disease and peripheral neuropathy","volume":"381","author":"Gantner","year":"2019","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.24","article-title":"Developmental dynamics of the preterm infant gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome","volume":"1","author":"Gibson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Microbiology"},{"key":"bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12432","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.007945","article-title":"Photoreceptors in a mouse model of leigh syndrome are capable of normal light-evoked signaling","volume":"294","author":"Gospe","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4235","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI127668","article-title":"Blocking endothelial apoptosis revascularizes the retina in a model of ischemic retinopathy","volume":"130","author":"Grant","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2198","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1566","article-title":"Elevated FGF21 leads to attenuated postnatal linear growth in preterm infants through GH resistance in chondrocytes","volume":"99","author":"Guasti","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3546","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.05114-11","article-title":"Hypoxia leads to na,K-atpase downregulation via ca(2+) release-activated ca(2+) channels and AMPK activation","volume":"31","author":"Gusarova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Biology"},{"key":"bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8040216","article-title":"The essentiality of arachidonic acid in infant development","volume":"8","author":"Hadley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-26553","article-title":"Enhancing retinal endothelial glycolysis by inhibiting UCP2 promotes physiologic retinal vascular development in a model of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"60","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2016.09.004","article-title":"The neural retina in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"56","author":"Hansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Progress in Retinal and Eye Research"},{"key":"bib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2013.01.006","article-title":"Nutrition, insulin-like growth factor-1 and retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"18","author":"H\u00e5rd","year":"2013","journal-title":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine"},{"key":"bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01425-3","article-title":"Efruxifermin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2a trial","volume":"27","author":"Harrison","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2022.0030","article-title":"Plasma levels of bevacizumab and vascular endothelial growth factor after low-dose bevacizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity in infants","volume":"140","author":"Hartnett","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.154174","article-title":"Triglyceride-derived fatty acids reduce autophagy in a model of retinal angiomatous proliferation","volume":"7","author":"Heckel","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000512282","article-title":"Decreased platelet counts and serum levels of VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, and BDNF in extremely preterm infants developing severe ROP","volume":"118","author":"Hellgren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5804","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.101113998","article-title":"Low IGF-I suppresses VEGF-survival signaling in retinal endothelial cells: direct correlation with clinical retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"98","author":"Hellstrom","year":"2001","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.5.1016","article-title":"Postnatal serum insulin-like growth factor I deficiency is associated with retinopathy of prematurity and other complications of premature birth","volume":"112","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e638","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2697","article-title":"Early weight gain predicts retinopathy in preterm infants: new, simple, efficient approach to screening","volume":"123","author":"Hellstrom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.5653","article-title":"Effect of enteral lipid supplement on severe retinopathy of prematurity: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"175","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.28771","article-title":"Association of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid serum levels with retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants","volume":"4","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.116.5.601","article-title":"Antenatal dexamethasone and decreased severity of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"116","author":"Higgins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.03.019","article-title":"An FGF21-adiponectin-ceramide axis controls energy expenditure and insulin action in mice","volume":"17","author":"Holland","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"key":"bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201695518","article-title":"Role of glutamine and interlinked asparagine metabolism in vessel formation","volume":"36","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"The EMBO Journal"},{"key":"bib92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-100419-115156","article-title":"Retina metabolism and metabolism in the pigmented epithelium: a busy intersection","volume":"7","author":"Hurley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annual Review of Vision Science"},{"key":"bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/401323","article-title":"Causes and mechanisms of intrauterine hypoxia and its impact on the fetal cardiovascular system: a review","volume":"2010","author":"Hutter","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-019-0398-2","article-title":"Increasing Ca2+ in photoreceptor mitochondria alters metabolites, accelerates photoresponse recovery, and reveals adaptations to mitochondrial stress","volume":"27","author":"Hutto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death and Differentiation"},{"key":"bib95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001247","article-title":"Postnatal serum insulin-like growth factor I and retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"37","author":"Jensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"bib96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2017.11.009","article-title":"Longitudinal study of the association between thrombocytopenia and retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"22","author":"Jensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of AAPOS"},{"key":"bib97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-1325-5","article-title":"Rapamycin prevents retinal neovascularization by downregulation of cyclin D1 in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy","volume":"20","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6024","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-10-311589","article-title":"Ischemic neurons prevent vascular regeneration of neural tissue by secreting semaphorin 3A","volume":"117","author":"Joyal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"bib99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4059","article-title":"Retinal lipid and glucose metabolism dictates angiogenesis through the lipid sensor FFAR1","volume":"22","author":"Joyal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"bib100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.11.002","article-title":"Retinal energy demands control vascular supply of the retina in development and disease: the role of neuronal lipid and glucose metabolism","volume":"64","author":"Joyal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Progress in Retinal and Eye Research"},{"key":"bib101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.86.3.319","article-title":"Hypoxic regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase via hypoxia inducible factor-1 in cardiac myocytes","volume":"86","author":"Jung","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation Research"},{"key":"bib102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2010.152","article-title":"Hyperglycemia, insulin and slower growth velocity may increase the risk of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"31","author":"Kaempf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"bib103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.28899","article-title":"Biochemical adaptations of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium support a metabolic ecosystem in the vertebrate eye","volume":"6","author":"Kanow","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"bib104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2020.100057","article-title":"AKR-001, an fc-FGF21 analog, showed sustained pharmacodynamic effects on insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes patients","volume":"1","author":"Kaufman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Reports. Medicine"},{"key":"bib105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079545","article-title":"Neonatal hyperglycemia inhibits angiogenesis and induces inflammation and neuronal degeneration in the retina","volume":"8","author":"Kermorvant-Duchemin","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"bib106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1113\/JP280572","article-title":"Regulation of glycolysis by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF): implications for cellular physiology","volume":"599","author":"Kierans","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"bib107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.02.002","article-title":"Hif-1-Mediated expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase: a metabolic switch required for cellular adaptation to hypoxia","volume":"3","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"key":"bib108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3932","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24320","article-title":"Oxygen-Induced retinopathy and choroidopathy: in vivo longitudinal observation of vascular changes using OCTA","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.11.085","article-title":"Retinal VEGFA maintains the ultrastructure and function of choriocapillaris by preserving the endothelial PLVAP","volume":"522","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"key":"bib110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15842","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab and its effects on serum VEGF and IGF-1 in infants with retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"56","author":"Kong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib111","first-page":"583","article-title":"Antioxidant levels in cord blood of low birth weight newborns","volume":"45","author":"Kumar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100712","article-title":"Source of human milk (mother or donor) is more important than fortifier type (human or bovine) in shaping the preterm infant microbiome","volume":"3","author":"Kumbhare","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Reports. Medicine"},{"key":"bib113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22376","article-title":"The axon guidance molecule netrin-4 is expressed by m\u00fcller cells and contributes to angiogenesis in the retina","volume":"60","author":"Lange","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"bib114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1159\/000320159","article-title":"Postnatal docosahexaenoic acid deficiency is an inevitable consequence of current recommendations and practice in preterm infants","volume":"98","author":"Lapillonne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"bib115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-021-01805-y","article-title":"Oxygen saturation and heart rate in healthy term and late preterm infants with delayed cord clamping","volume":"01","author":"Lara-Cant\u00f3n","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"bib116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2017.05.005","article-title":"Vegf production and signaling in M\u00fcller glia are critical to modulating vascular function and neuronal integrity in diabetic retinopathy and hypoxic retinal vascular diseases","volume":"139","author":"Le","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"key":"bib117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1565999","article-title":"Insulin, hyperglycemia, and severe retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low-birth-weight infants","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"bib118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.10.033","article-title":"RhIGF-1\/rhigfbp-3 in preterm infants: a phase 2 randomized controlled trial","volume":"206","author":"Ley","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23161-5","article-title":"Single-Cell lipidomics with high structural specificity by mass spectrometry","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"bib120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2016.09.008","article-title":"Igf-1 in retinopathy of prematurity, a CNS neurovascular disease","volume":"102","author":"Liegl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Early Human Development"},{"key":"bib121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15579","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1412441111","article-title":"Pyruvate kinase and aspartate-glutamate carrier distributions reveal key metabolic links between neurons and glia in retina","volume":"111","author":"Lindsay","year":"2014","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"bib122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.88.4.521","article-title":"Effects of light and darkness on oxygen distribution and consumption in the cat retina","volume":"88","author":"Linsenmeier","year":"1986","journal-title":"The Journal of General Physiology"},{"key":"bib123","first-page":"612","article-title":"Effects of hyperoxia on the oxygen distribution in the intact cat retina","volume":"30","author":"Linsenmeier","year":"1989","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.99.2.177","article-title":"Oxygen distribution and consumption in the cat retina during normoxia and hypoxemia","volume":"99","author":"Linsenmeier","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Journal of General Physiology"},{"key":"bib125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.01.003","article-title":"Retinal oxygen: from animals to humans","volume":"58","author":"Linsenmeier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Progress in Retinal and Eye Research"},{"key":"bib126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00551-2","article-title":"Endothelial adenosine A2A receptor-mediated glycolysis is essential for pathological retinal angiogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"bib127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.945130","article-title":"Retinal microglia protect against vascular damage in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"key":"bib128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.69","article-title":"Validation of a new retinopathy of prematurity screening method monitoring longitudinal postnatal weight and insulinlike growth factor I","volume":"127","author":"L\u00f6fqvist","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.6658","article-title":"Association of retinopathy of prematurity with low levels of arachidonic acid: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial","volume":"136","author":"L\u00f6fqvist","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5076","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19653","article-title":"The relationship of novel plasma proteins in the early neonatal period with retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"57","author":"Lynch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.05.016","article-title":"M\u00fcller cell-localized G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1) regulates inner retinal vasculature via norrin\/wnt pathways","volume":"189","author":"Madaan","year":"2019","journal-title":"The American Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"bib132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1159\/000367922","article-title":"Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels are inversely associated with growth rates in infancy","volume":"82","author":"Mericq","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hormone Research in Paediatrics"},{"key":"bib133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007374","article-title":"Efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for stage 3+ retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"364","author":"Mintz-Hittner","year":"2011","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"bib134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.14670\/HH-20.1327","article-title":"Hypoxia inducible factor-1 and facilitative glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3: putative molecular components of the oxygen and glucose sensing apparatus in articular chondrocytes","volume":"20","author":"Mobasheri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Histology and Histopathology"},{"key":"bib135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2014.49","article-title":"A prospective study on hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"34","author":"Mohsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"bib136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2017.04.004","article-title":"Effects of a lipid emulsion containing fish oil on polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles, growth and morbidities in extremely premature infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"20","author":"Najm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"},{"key":"bib137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.23","article-title":"Arginase 2 deficiency reduces hyperoxia-mediated retinal neurodegeneration through the regulation of polyamine metabolism","volume":"5","author":"Narayanan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Death & Disease"},{"key":"bib138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1172","article-title":"Influence of human milk and parenteral lipid emulsions on serum fatty acid profiles in extremely preterm infants","volume":"43","author":"Nilsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"},{"key":"bib139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2021.158939","article-title":"Sphingolipidomics of serum in extremely preterm infants: association between low sphingosine-1-phosphate levels and severe retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"1866","author":"Nilsson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids"},{"key":"bib140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.830884","article-title":"Longitudinal serum metabolomics in extremely premature infants: relationships with gestational age, nutrition, and morbidities","volume":"16","author":"Nilsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.64944","article-title":"ENOS-induced vascular barrier disruption in retinopathy by c-src activation and tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cadherin","volume":"10","author":"Ninchoji","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"bib142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4020","article-title":"Visual follow-up in peroxisomal-disorder patients treated with docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester","volume":"51","author":"Noguer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1452","article-title":"Targeted oxygen in the resuscitation of preterm infants, a randomized clinical trial","volume":"139","author":"Oei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00354","article-title":"Is there a \u201cright\u201d amount of oxygen for preterm infant stabilization at birth?","volume":"7","author":"Oei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.09.002","article-title":"Dexamethasone eye drops for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"6","author":"\u00d6hnell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology. Retina"},{"key":"bib146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf9440","article-title":"Senescence-associated secretory phenotype contributes to pathological angiogenesis in retinopathy","volume":"8","author":"Oubaha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science Translational Medicine"},{"key":"bib147","first-page":"413","article-title":"The estimation of selected parameters in antioxidant system in red blood cells in ROP screening of premature infants","volume":"108","author":"Ozieb\u0142o-Kupczyk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Klinika Oczna"},{"key":"bib148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H1412","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00479.2014","article-title":"Regulation of retinal oxygen metabolism in humans during graded hypoxia","volume":"307","author":"Palkovits","year":"2014","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology"},{"key":"bib149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-015-0877-5","article-title":"Global metabolomics reveals metabolic dysregulation in ischemic retinopathy","volume":"12","author":"Paris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"bib150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01376","article-title":"Preterm gut microbiome depending on feeding type: significance of donor human milk","volume":"9","author":"Parra-Llorca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"bib151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79535-0","article-title":"Severe retinopathy of prematurity is associated with early post-natal low platelet count","volume":"11","author":"Parrozzani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"bib152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2427","article-title":"Fish-oil fat emulsion supplementation may reduce the risk of severe retinopathy in VLBW infants","volume":"127","author":"Pawlik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607113499373","article-title":"Fish-oil fat emulsion supplementation reduces the risk of retinopathy in very low birth weight infants: a prospective, randomized study","volume":"38","author":"Pawlik","year":"2014","journal-title":"JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"},{"key":"bib154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-021-02530-6","article-title":"Single-cell proteomics takes centre stage","volume":"597","author":"Perkel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10480","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16977","article-title":"An imbalance in autophagy contributes to retinal damage in a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy","volume":"25","author":"Pesce","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"bib156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.04.111","article-title":"Aerobic glycolysis is essential for normal rod function and controls secondary cone death in retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"23","author":"Petit","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"key":"bib157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100140419009","article-title":"Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by oxygen in a model of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"114","author":"Pierce","year":"1996","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.08.013","article-title":"Effect of donor human milk on host-gut microbiota and metabolic interactions in preterm infants","volume":"40","author":"Pi\u00f1eiro-Ramos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"bib159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320738","article-title":"Validation of DIGIROP models and decision support tool for prediction of treatment for retinopathy of prematurity on a contemporary swedish cohort","volume":"1","author":"Pivodic","year":"2022","journal-title":"The British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37727","article-title":"The warburg effect mediator pyruvate kinase M2 expression and regulation in the retina","volume":"6","author":"Rajala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"bib161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2013.77","article-title":"Neonatal hyperglycemia and diminished long-term growth in very low birth weight preterm infants","volume":"33","author":"Ramel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"bib162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.21-2-e89","article-title":"Hyperglycemia in extremely preterm infants","volume":"21","author":"Ramel","year":"2020","journal-title":"NeoReviews"},{"key":"bib163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.131177","article-title":"Characterisation of the macular dystrophy in patients with the A3243G mitochondrial DNA point mutation with fundus autofluorescence","volume":"92","author":"Rath","year":"2008","journal-title":"The British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib164","first-page":"73","volume-title":"Biochemistry of the Retina","author":"Reading","year":"1965"},{"key":"bib165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M110.002469","article-title":"Proteomic profiling of a layered tissue reveals unique glycolytic specializations of photoreceptor cells","volume":"10","author":"Reidel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecular & Cellular Proteomics"},{"key":"bib166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-018-1383-3","article-title":"Plasma glutamine and glutamic acid are potential biomarkers for predicting diabetic retinopathy","volume":"14","author":"Rhee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"bib167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111677","article-title":"Retina axis","volume":"10","author":"Rinninella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"bib168","first-page":"47","article-title":"Laser doppler velocimetry study of the effect of pure oxygen breathing on retinal blood flow","volume":"24","author":"Riva","year":"1983","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(77)90377-4","article-title":"Retinal vascular development in premature infants","volume":"84","author":"Roth","year":"1977","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2016.e00210","article-title":"BaroFuse, a novel pressure-driven, adjustable-throughput perfusion system for tissue maintenance and assessment","volume":"2","author":"Rountree","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"bib171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.4274\/tjo.galenos.2020.01058","article-title":"Impact of platelet count in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"50","author":"\u015eahino\u011flu Ke\u015fkek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2017-000160","article-title":"Hyperglycaemic preterm neonates exhibit insulin resistance and low insulin production","volume":"1","author":"Salis","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatrics Open"},{"key":"bib173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2015.2","article-title":"Circulating FGF19 and FGF21 surge in early infancy from infra- to supra-adult concentrations","volume":"39","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Infantes","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"bib174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.6.1292","article-title":"Meta-Analysis of dietary essential fatty acids and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids as they relate to visual resolution acuity in healthy preterm infants","volume":"105","author":"SanGiovanni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1873","article-title":"The succinate receptor GPR91 in neurons has a major role in retinal angiogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Sapieha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"bib176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.07.005","article-title":"Serum concentrations of bevacizumab (avastin) and vascular endothelial growth factor in infants with retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"153","author":"Sato","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3799","article-title":"Genome-wide analyses identify common variants associated with macular telangiectasia type 2","volume":"49","author":"Scerri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"bib178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.11.008","article-title":"Partial and transient reduction of glycolysis by PFKFB3 blockade reduces pathological angiogenesis","volume":"19","author":"Schoors","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"key":"bib179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14362","article-title":"Fatty acid carbon is essential for dntp synthesis in endothelial cells","volume":"520","author":"Schoors","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bib180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16472","article-title":"Association of platelet deficiency with severe retinopathy of prematurity: a review","volume":"111","author":"Seliniotaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"key":"bib181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3987","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-10-03987.2002","article-title":"Inducible nitric oxide synthase mediates retinal apoptosis in ischemic proliferative retinopathy","volume":"22","author":"Sennlaub","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"bib182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01333-x","article-title":"Single-Cell metabolomics hits its stride","volume":"18","author":"Seydel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"bib183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6238","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6742","article-title":"Choroidal involution is a key component of oxygen-induced retinopathy","volume":"52","author":"Shao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17808","article-title":"Selective stimulation of VEGFR-1 prevents oxygen-induced retinal vascular degeneration in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"112","author":"Shih","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"bib185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.7021","article-title":"Comparison of biphasic vs static oxygen saturation targets among infants with retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"137","author":"Shukla","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-018-1325-2","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridaemia in extremely preterm infants receiving parenteral lipid emulsions","volume":"18","author":"Sinclair","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.129398","article-title":"Serine and 1-carbon metabolism are required for HIF-mediated protection against retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"4","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"bib188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2020.03.010","article-title":"The early gut microbiome could protect against severe retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"24","author":"Skondra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of AAPOS"},{"key":"bib189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1038\/70963","article-title":"Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent retinal neovascularization by insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor","volume":"5","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"bib190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40748-017-0061-1","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid and the preterm infant","volume":"3","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology"},{"key":"bib191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2010.02.011","article-title":"Hypoxia and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism","volume":"1797","author":"Solaini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"bib192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701424","article-title":"An increase in superoxide dismutase ameliorates oxygen-induced retinopathy in transgenic mice","volume":"19","author":"Spierer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"bib193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.309973","article-title":"Endothelial-specific deficiency of ATG5 (autophagy protein 5) attenuates ischemia-related angiogenesis","volume":"39","author":"Sprott","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"},{"key":"bib194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.4838","article-title":"Comparing alternative ranibizumab dosages for safety and efficacy in retinopathy of prematurity: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"172","author":"Stahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatrics"},{"key":"bib195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.10564","article-title":"Effect of intravitreal aflibercept vs laser photocoagulation on treatment success of retinopathy of prematurity: the FIREFLEYE randomized clinical trial","volume":"328","author":"Stahl","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bib196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaa8695","article-title":"Socs3 in retinal neurons and glial cells suppresses VEGF signaling to prevent pathological neovascular growth","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science Signaling"},{"key":"bib197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161645","article-title":"Inflammatory signals from photoreceptor modulate pathological retinal angiogenesis via c-fos","volume":"214","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"bib198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.02.001","article-title":"A long-acting FGF21 molecule, PF-05231023, decreases body weight and improves lipid profile in non-human primates and type 2 diabetic subjects","volume":"23","author":"Talukdar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"key":"bib199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2021.09.005","article-title":"Postnatal administration of systemic steroids increases severity of retinopathy in premature infants","volume":"63","author":"Tao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatrics and Neonatology"},{"key":"bib200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F106","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.84.2.f106","article-title":"Pulse oximetry, severe retinopathy, and outcome at one year in babies of less than 28 weeks gestation","volume":"84","author":"Tin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"bib201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05309-y","article-title":"Vitreous metabolomics profiling of proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"64","author":"Tomita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"bib202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life11111119","article-title":"Metabolism in retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"11","author":"Tomita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"bib203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.14.20","article-title":"An analysis of metabolic changes in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium of aging mice","volume":"62","author":"Tsantilas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.08.061","article-title":"Retinal blood vessels are damaged in a rat model of NMDA-induced retinal degeneration","volume":"485","author":"Ueda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"key":"bib205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.06.009","article-title":"Serine synthesis via Phgdh is essential for heme production in endothelial cells","volume":"28","author":"Vandekeere","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"key":"bib206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.128991","article-title":"Influence of duration of parenteral nutrition on retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"93","author":"Vanhaesebrouck","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"bib207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181973dc8","article-title":"Oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice: amplification by neonatal IGF-I deficit and attenuation by IGF-I administration","volume":"65","author":"Vanhaesebrouck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"bib208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F228","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302369","article-title":"Oxygen saturation after birth in preterm infants treated with continuous positive airway pressure and air: assessment of gender differences and comparison with a published nomogram","volume":"98","author":"Vento","year":"2013","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"bib209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2021.101038","article-title":"New insights into the role of autophagy in retinal and eye diseases","volume":"82","author":"Villarejo-Zori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecular Aspects of Medicine"},{"key":"bib210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.05.001","article-title":"A dosing study of bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity: late recurrences and additional treatments","volume":"125","author":"Wallace","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.1997.00030.x","article-title":"Glucose metabolism in pig outer retina in light and darkness","volume":"160","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"bib212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.2337\/db09-1420","article-title":"M\u00fcller cell-derived VEGF is essential for diabetes-induced retinal inflammation and vascular leakage","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"bib213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.4.547","article-title":"Retinal oxygen: fundamental and clinical aspects","volume":"121","author":"Wangsa-Wirawan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2022.101344","article-title":"Nutrition for the micro preemie: beyond milk","volume":"27","author":"Webbe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine"},{"key":"bib215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.193037","article-title":"De novo lipogenesis maintains vascular homeostasis through endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) palmitoylation","volume":"286","author":"Wei","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"bib216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-021-01738-6","article-title":"The bacterial gut microbiome of probiotic-treated very-preterm infants: changes from admission to discharge","volume":"92","author":"Westaway","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"bib217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C385","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00485.2010","article-title":"Hypoxia. 2. hypoxia regulates cellular metabolism","volume":"300","author":"Wheaton","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology"},{"key":"bib218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2006.11928169","article-title":"Prevention of protein deprivation in the extremely low birth weight infant: a nutritional emergency","volume":"19","author":"Whitfield","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings"},{"key":"bib219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.5373","article-title":"Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and related factors after intravitreous bevacizumab injection for retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"133","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bib220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.303041","article-title":"Endothelial PFKFB3 plays a critical role in angiogenesis","volume":"34","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"},{"key":"bib221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b14-00487","article-title":"Anti-Angiogenic effects of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy","volume":"37","author":"Yagasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin"},{"key":"bib222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.2.12","article-title":"Targeted blood metabolomic study on retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"61","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.1.28","article-title":"Comparative analysis reveals novel changes in plasma metabolites and metabolomic networks of infants with retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"63","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib224","first-page":"3095","article-title":"Dexamethasone and critical effect of timing on retinopathy","volume":"41","author":"Yossuck","year":"2000","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"bib225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.2000.3124","article-title":"Dexamethasone alters TNF-alpha expression in retinopathy","volume":"72","author":"Yossuck","year":"2001","journal-title":"Molecular Genetics and Metabolism"},{"key":"bib226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R12","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddx182","article-title":"Inherited eye-related disorders due to mitochondrial dysfunction","volume":"26","author":"Yu-Wai-Man","year":"2017","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"key":"bib227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-009-1066-x","article-title":"Suppression of retinal neovascularization by the iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine in mice of oxygen-induced retinopathy","volume":"247","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie"},{"key":"bib228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179676","article-title":"Absence of gut microbiota is associated with RPE\/choroid transcriptomic changes related to age-related macular degeneration pathobiology and decreased choroidal neovascularization","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"bib229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI44303","article-title":"Mtor-Mediated dedifferentiation of the retinal pigment epithelium initiates photoreceptor degeneration in mice","volume":"121","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"bib230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0510","article-title":"Retinal ischemia and reperfusion causes capillary degeneration: similarities to diabetes","volume":"48","author":"Zheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"}],"container-title":["eLife"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/80550\/elife-80550-v1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.elifesciences.org\/articles\/80550\/elife-80550-v1.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/80550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T21:24:08Z","timestamp":1697059448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/elifesciences.org\/articles\/80550"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"references-count":230,"alternative-id":["10.7554\/eLife.80550"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.80550","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-084X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-084X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"single anonymised","name":"peer_review_transparency","label":"Peer review transparency","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"other reviewer(s), editor","name":"peer_review_interaction","label":"Peer review interaction","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"review summaries, review reports, author\/editor communication, reviewer identities reviewer opt in, editor identities","name":"peer_review_published","label":"Peer review published","group":{"name":"peer_review_taxonomy"}},{"value":"open (sign in with ORCID iD required)","name":"post_publication_commenting","label":"Post publication commenting","group":{"name":"post_publication_commenting"}}],"article-number":"e80550"}}