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Here, single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the murine hapten-elicited model of ACD reveals that upon elicitation of ACD, infiltrated CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    or CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    lymphocytes were primarily the IFN\u03b3-producing type 1 central memory phenotype. In contrast, type 2 cytokines (IL4 and IL13) were dominantly expressed by basophils, IL17A was primarily expressed by \u03b4\u03b3 T cells, and IL1\u03b2 was identified as the primary cytokine expressed by activated neutrophils\/monocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, analysis of skin resident cells identified a sub-cluster of dermal fibroblasts with preadipocyte signature as a prominent target for IFN\u03b3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    lymphocytes and dermal source for key T cell chemokines CXCL9\/10. IFN\u03b3 treatment shifted dermal fibroblasts from collagen-producing to CXCL9\/10-producing, which promoted T cell polarization toward the type-1 phenotype through a CXCR3-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, targeted deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>Ifngr1<\/jats:italic>\n                    in dermal fibroblasts in mice reduced\n                    <jats:italic>Cxcl9\/10<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression, dermal infiltration of CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell, and alleviated ACD inflammation in mice. Finally, we showed that IFN\u03b3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells and CXCL10-producing dermal fibroblasts co-enriched in the dermis of human ACD skin. Together, our results define the cell type-specific immune responses in ACD, and recognize an indispensable role of dermal fibroblasts in shaping the development of type-1 skin inflammation through the IFNGR-CXCR3 signaling circuit during ACD pathogenesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.94698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T07:25:17Z","timestamp":1711351517000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.94698","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Defining cell type-specific immune responses in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis by single-cell transcriptomics"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9084-1588","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youxi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mcjh785","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cellular 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