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However, current first-line drugs like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and opioids have limitations, including dose-limiting side effects, dependence, and tolerability issues. Therefore, developing new interventions for the management of NP is urgent. In this study, we discovered that the high-frequency terahertz stimulation (HFTS) at approximately 36 THz effectively alleviates NP symptoms in mice with spared nerve injury. Computational simulation suggests that the frequency resonates with the carbonyl group in the filter region of Kv1.2 channels, facilitating the translocation of potassium ions. In vivo and in vitro results demonstrate that HFTS reduces the excitability of pyramidal neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex likely through enhancing the voltage-gated K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and also the leak K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    conductance. This research presents a novel optical intervention strategy with terahertz waves for the treatment of NP and holds promising applications in other nervous system diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.97444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T08:25:24Z","timestamp":1714119924000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.97444","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["High-frequency terahertz stimulation alleviates neuropathic pain by inhibiting the pyramidal neuron activity in the anterior cingulate cortex of mice"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ms48f15","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University","place":["Xi'an, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ms48f15","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. 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