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It is well recognized that cold acclimations enhance adipocyte functions, including white adipose tissue lipid lipolysis and beiging, and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in mammals. However, it remains unclear whether and how lipid metabolism in the brain is also under the control of ambient temperature. Here, we show that cold exposure predominantly increases the expressions of the lipid lipolysis genes and proteins within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) in male mice. Mechanistically, by using innovatively combined brain-region selective pharmacology and in vivo time-lapse photometry monitoring of lipid metabolism, we find that cold activates cells within the PVH and pharmacological inactivation of cells blunts cold-induced effects on lipid peroxidation, accumulation of lipid droplets, and lipid lipolysis in the PVH. Together, these findings suggest that PVH lipid metabolism is cold sensitive and integral to cold-induced broader regulatory responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.98353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T09:25:49Z","timestamp":1718270749000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.98353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cold induces brain region-selective cell activity-dependent lipid metabolism"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hyeonyoung","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05cf8a891","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine","place":["Bronx, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yale Y","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friends Seminary","place":["New York, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7623-6680","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yunlei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05cf8a891","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine","place":["Bronx, United States"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05cf8a891","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx","place":["New York, United States"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05cf8a891","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx","place":["New York, United States"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05cf8a891","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx","place":["New York, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"corresponding-author","vocabulary":"crossref"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"4374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.4734","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Using fiber photometry in mice to estimate fluorescent biosensor levels during sleep","volume":"13","author":"Andersen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bio-Protocol"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.09.020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Antioxidant role for lipid droplets in a stem cell niche of Drosophila","volume":"163","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.02.042","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Similar anxiolytic-like effects following intra-amygdala infusions of benzodiazepine receptor agonist and antagonist: evidence for the release of an endogenous benzodiazepine inverse agonist in mice exposed to elevated plus-maze test","volume":"1267","author":"Barbalho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.204","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Adipose tissue browning and metabolic health","volume":"10","author":"Bartelt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. 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