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We studied the role of the hyperpolarization-activated inward current (I\n                    <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) in regulating these features in the pyloric rhythm of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the crab,\n                    <jats:italic>Cancer borealis,<\/jats:italic>\n                    as temperature was altered from 11\u00b0C to 21\u00b0C. Under control conditions, rhythm frequency increased monotonically with temperature, while the phases of the pyloric dilator (PD), lateral pyloric (LP), and pyloric (PY) neurons remained constant. Blocking I\n                    <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                    with cesium (Cs\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) phase advanced PD offset, LP onset, and LP offset at 11\u00b0C, and the latter two further advanced as temperature increased. In Cs\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    the frequency increase with temperature diminished and the Q\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    of the frequency dropped from ~1.75 to ~1.35. Unexpectedly in Cs\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , the frequency dynamics became non-monotonic during temperature transitions; frequency initially dropped as temperature increased, then rose once temperature stabilized, creating a characteristic \u2018jag\u2019. Interestingly, these jags persisted during temperature transitions in Cs\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    when the pacemaker was isolated by picrotoxin, although the temperature-induced change in frequency recovered to control levels. Overall, these data suggest that I\n                    <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                    plays an important role in maintaining smooth transitory responses and persistent frequency increases by different mechanisms in the pyloric circuitry during temperature fluctuations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7554\/elife.98844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T08:26:05Z","timestamp":1720686365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/elife.98844","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ih block reveals separation of timescales in pyloric rhythm response to temperature changes in Cancer borealis"],"prefix":"10.7554","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8308-0744","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kyra","family":"Schapiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05abbep66","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Biology 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