{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:19:07Z","timestamp":1790291947421,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Journal of Biomedical Research","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.7555\/jbr.33.20180089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T08:30:31Z","timestamp":1588062631000},"page":"75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The current status of malignant hyperthermia"],"prefix":"10.7555","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Lukun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Tautz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shulin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alla","family":"Fomina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4380","reference":[{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Michelucci A, Paolini C, Boncompagni S, et al.  Strenuous exercise triggers a life-threatening response in mice susceptible to malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>FASEB J, <\/i>2017, 31(8): 3649\u20133662.","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201601292R"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thomas J, Crowhurst T.  Exertional heat stroke, rhabdomyolysis and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Intern Med J, <\/i>2013, 43(9): 1035\u20131038.","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12232"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Poussel M, Guerci P, Kaminsky P, et al.  Exertional heat stroke and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia in an athlete: evidence for a link?[J]. <i>J Athl Train, <\/i>2015, 50(11): 1212\u20131214.","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-50.12.01"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carsana A.  Exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis and stress-induced malignant hyperthermia events, association with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility, and <i>RYR1<\/i> gene sequence variations[J]. <i>Sci World J, <\/i>2013, 2013: 531465.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/531465"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tobin JR, Jason DR, Challa VR, et al.  Malignant hyperthermia and apparent heat stroke[J]. <i>JAMA, <\/i>2001, 286(2): 168\u2013169.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.2.168"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nishio H, Sato T, Fukunishi S, et al.  Identification of malignant hyperthermia-susceptible ryanodine receptor type 1 gene (RYR1) mutations in a child who died in a car after exposure to a high environmental temperature[J]. <i>Leg Med, <\/i>2009, 11(3): 142\u2013143.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2008.12.004"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Groom L, Muldoon SM, Tang ZZ, et al.  Identical <i>de novo<\/i> mutation in the type 1 ryanodine receptor gene associated with fatal, stress-induced malignant hyperthermia in two unrelated families[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2011, 115(5): 938\u2013945.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182320068"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Davis M, Brown R, Dickson A, et al.  Malignant hyperthermia associated with exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis or congenital abnormalities and a novel <i>RYR1<\/i> mutation in New Zealand and Australian pedigrees[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>2002, 88(4): 508\u2013515.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/88.4.508"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Denborough M.  Malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Lancet, <\/i>1998, 352(9134): 1131\u20131136.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03078-5"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Larach MG, Brandom BW, Allen GC, et al.  Malignant hyperthermia deaths related to inadequate temperature monitoring, 2007-2012: a report from the North American malignant hyperthermia registry of the malignant hyperthermia association of the United States[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2014, 119(6): 1359\u20131366.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000421"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brady JE, Sun LS, Rosenberg H, et al.  Prevalence of malignant hyperthermia due to anesthesia in New York State, 2001-2005[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2009, 109(4): 1162\u20131166.","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181ac1548"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ording H.  Incidence of malignant hyperthermia in Denmark[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>1985, 64(7): 700\u2013704.","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198507000-00009"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu Z, Rosenberg H, Li GH.  Prevalence of malignant hyperthermia diagnosis in hospital discharge records in California, Florida, New York, and Wisconsin[J]. <i>J Clin Anesth, <\/i>2017, 39: 10\u201314.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2017.03.016"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sumitani M, Uchida K, Yasunaga H, et al.  Prevalence of malignant hyperthermia and relationship with anesthetics in Japan: data from the diagnosis procedure combination database[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2011, 114(1): 84\u201390.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318200197d"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Riazi S, Larach MG, Hu C, et al.  Malignant hyperthermia in Canada: characteristics of index anesthetics in 129 malignant hyperthermia susceptible probands[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2014, 118(2): 381\u2013387.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182937d8b"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Butala B, Brandom B.  Muscular body build and male sex are independently associated with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Can J Anaesth, <\/i>2017, 64(4): 396\u2013401.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-017-0815-2"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Klingler W, Heiderich S, Girard T, et al.  Functional and genetic characterization of clinical malignant hyperthermia crises: a multi-centre study[J]. <i>Orphanet J Rare Dis, <\/i>2014, 9: 8.","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-9-8"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Monnier N, Krivosic-Horber R, Payen JF, et al.  Presence of two different genetic traits in malignant hyperthermia families: implication for genetic analysis, diagnosis, and incidence of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2002, 97(5): 1067\u20131074.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200211000-00007"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gonsalves SG, Ng D, Johnston JJ, et al.  Using exome data to identify malignant hyperthermia susceptibility mutations[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2013, 119(5): 1043\u20131053.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182a8a8e7"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moulds RFW, Denborough MA.  Biochemical basis of malignant hyperpyrexia[J]. <i>Br Med J, <\/i>1974, 2(5913): 241\u2013244.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5913.241"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Britt BA, Endrenyi L, Cadman DL, et al.  Porcine malignant hyperthermia: effects of halothane on mitochondrial respiration and calcium accumulation[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>1975, 42(3): 292\u2013300.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197503000-00010"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez JR, Alamo L, Caputo C, et al.  Intracellular ionized calcium concentration in muscles from humans with malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Muscle Nerve, <\/i>1985, 8(5): 355\u2013358.","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880080502"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Smith JS, Coronado R, Meissner G.  Sarcoplasmic reticulum contains adenine nucleotide-activated calcium channels[J]. <i>Nature, <\/i>1985, 316(6027): 446\u2013449.","DOI":"10.1038\/316446a0"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Takeshima H, Nishimura S, Matsumoto T, et al.  Primary structure and expression from complementary DNA of skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor[J]. <i>Nature, <\/i>1989, 339(6224): 439\u2013445.","DOI":"10.1038\/339439a0"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen WQ, Koop A, Liu YJ, et al.  Reduced threshold for store overload-induced Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> release is a common defect of RyR1 mutations associated with malignant hyperthermia and central core disease[J]. <i>Biochem J, <\/i>2017, 474(16): 2749\u20132761.","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20170282"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McCarthy TV, Healy JMS, Heffron JJA, et al.  Localization of the malignant hyperthermia susceptibility locus to human chromosome 19q12-13[J]. <i>Nature, <\/i>1990, 343(6258): 562\u2013564.","DOI":"10.1038\/343562a0"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"MacLennan DH, Duff C, Zorzato F, et al.  Ryanodine receptor gene is a candidate for predisposition to malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Nature, <\/i>1990, 343(6258): 559\u2013561.","DOI":"10.1038\/343559a0"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sinha AK, Kumari P, Vaghela MM, et al.  Postoperative malignant hyperthermia- a medical emergency: a case report and review of literature[J]. <i>J Clin Diagn Res, <\/i>2017, 11(4): PD01\u2013PD02.","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/20531.9493"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ibarra MCA, Wu SW, Murayama K, et al.  Malignant hyperthermia in Japan: mutation screening of the entire ryanodine receptor type 1 gene coding region by direct sequencing[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2006, 104(6): 1146\u20131154.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200606000-00008"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sambuughin N, Holley H, Muldoon S, et al.  Screening of the entire ryanodine receptor type 1 coding region for sequence variants associated with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility in the north american population[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2005, 102(3): 515\u2013521.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200503000-00007"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Monnier N, Kozak-Ribbens G, Krivosic-Horber R, et al.  Correlations between genotype and pharmacological, histological, functional, and clinical phenotypes in malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Hum Mutat, <\/i>2005, 26(5): 413\u2013425.","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20231"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rueffert H, Olthoff D, Deutrich C, et al.  Mutation screening in the ryanodine receptor 1 gene (RYR1) in patients susceptible to malignant hyperthermia who show definite IVCT results: identification of three novel mutations[J]. <i>Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, <\/i>2002, 46(6): 692\u2013698.","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2002.460610.x"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Levano S, Vukcevic M, Singer M, et al.  Increasing the number of diagnostic mutations in malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Hum Mutat, <\/i>2009, 30(4): 590\u2013598.","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20878"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kraeva N, Riazi S, Loke J, et al.  Ryanodine receptor type 1 gene mutations found in the Canadian malignant hyperthermia population[J]. <i>Can J Anaesth, <\/i>2011, 58(6): 504\u2013513.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-011-9494-6"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tammaro A, Di Martino A, Bracco A, et al.  Novel missense mutations and unexpected multiple changes of RYR1 gene in 75 malignant hyperthermia families[J]. <i>Clin Genet, <\/i>2011, 79(5): 438\u2013447.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2010.01493.x"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brandom BW, Bina S, Wong CA, et al.  Ryanodine receptor type 1 gene variants in the malignant hyperthermia-susceptible population of the United States[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2013, 116(5): 1078\u20131086.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31828a71ff"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bamaga AK, Riazi S, Amburgey K, et al.  Neuromuscular conditions associated with malignant hyperthermia in paediatric patients: a 25-year retrospective study[J]. <i>Neuromuscul Disord, <\/i>2016, 26(3): 201\u2013206.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.02.007"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roux-Buisson N, Monnier N, Sagui E, et al.  Identification of variants of the ryanodine receptor type 1 in patients with exertional heat stroke and positive response to the malignant hyperthermia <i>in vitro<\/i> contracture test[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>2016, 116(4): 566\u2013568.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aew047"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Monnier N, Procaccio V, Stieglitz P, et al.  Malignant-hyperthermia susceptibility is associated with a mutation of the \u03b11-subunit of the human dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type voltage-dependent calcium-channel receptor in skeletal muscle[J]. <i>Am J Hum Genet, <\/i>1997, 60(6): 1316\u20131325.","DOI":"10.1086\/515454"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stewart SL, Hogan K, Rosenberg H, et al.  Identification of the Arg1086His mutation in the alpha subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel (CACNA1S) in a North American family with malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Clin Genet, <\/i>2001, 59(3): 178\u2013184.","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0004.2001.590306.x"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Carpenter D, Robinson RL, Quinnell RJ, et al.  Genetic variation in <i>RYR1<\/i> and malignant hyperthermia phenotypes[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>2009, 103(4): 538\u2013548.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aep204"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Toppin PJ, Chandy TT, Ghanekar A, et al.  A report of fulminant malignant hyperthermia in a patient with a novel mutation of the CACNA1S gene[J]. <i>Can J Anaesth, <\/i>2010, 57(7): 689\u2013693.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-010-9314-4"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beam TA, Loudermilk EF, Kisor DF.  Pharmacogenetics and pathophysiology of <i>CACNA1S<\/i> mutations in malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Physiol Genomics, <\/i>2017, 49(2): 81\u201387.","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00126.2016"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miller DM, Daly C, Aboelsaod EM, et al.  Genetic epidemiology of malignant hyperthermia in the UK[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>2018, 121(4): 944\u2013952.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.06.028"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Protasi F, Paolini C, Dainese M.  Calsequestrin-1: a new candidate gene for malignant hyperthermia and exertional\/environmental heat stroke[J]. <i>J Physiol, <\/i>2009, 587(13): 3095\u20133100.","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.171967"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kraeva N, Zvaritch E, Frodis W, et al.  CASQ1 Gene is an unlikely candidate for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility in the North American population[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2013, 118(2): 344\u2013349.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000530185.78660.da"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mestre TA, Manole A, MacDonald H, et al.  A novel <i>KCNA1<\/i> mutation in a family with episodic ataxia and malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Neurogenetics, <\/i>2016, 17(4): 245\u2013249.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10048-016-0486-0"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Larach MG, Gronert GA, Allen GC, et al.  Clinical presentation, treatment, and complications of malignant hyperthermia in North America from 1987 to 2006[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2010, 110(2): 498\u2013507.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c6b9b2"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nelson P, Litman RS.  Malignant hyperthermia in children: an analysis of the North American malignant hyperthermia registry[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2014, 118(2): 369\u2013374.","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182a8fad0"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-50","unstructured":"Kohno Y, Koishi K, Nishiyama T.  A case of suspected delayed postoperative malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Masui, <\/i>2015, 64(6): 660\u2013662."},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Litman RS, Flood CD, Kaplan RF, et al.  Postoperative malignant hyperthermia: an analysis of cases from the North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2008, 109(5): 825\u2013829.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31818958e5"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Raut MS, Kar S, Maheshwari A, et al.  Rare postoperative delayed malignant hyperthermia after off-pump coronary bypass surgery and brief review of literature[J]. <i>Ann Card Anaesth, <\/i>2016, 19(2): 357\u2013362.","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9784.179620"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Honardar MR, Rubio J, Bhananker SM.  A case of rapid progression of postoperative hyperthermia: dantrolene or not dilemma?[J]. <i>Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci, <\/i>2016, 6(4): 203\u2013205.","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5151.195451"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Heytens L, Forget P, Scholt\u00e8s JL, et al.  The changing face of malignant hyperthermia: less fulminant, more insidious[J]. <i>Anaesth Intensive Care, <\/i>2015, 43(4): 506\u2013511.","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1504300415"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schuster F, Johannsen S, Schneiderbanger D, et al.  Evaluation of suspected malignant hyperthermia events during anesthesia[J]. <i>BMC Anesthesiol, <\/i>2013, 13: 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2253-13-24"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Glahn KPE, Ellis FR, Halsall PJ, et al.  Recognizing and managing a malignant hyperthermia crisis: guidelines from the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>2010, 105(4): 417\u2013420.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq243"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Larach MG, Localio AR, Allen GC, et al.  A clinical grading scale to predict malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>1994, 80(4): 771\u2013779.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199404000-00008"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Litman RS, Griggs SM, Dowling JJ, et al.  Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility and related diseases[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2018, 128(1): 159\u2013167.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001877"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Larach MG.  A primer for diagnosing and managing malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2018, 128(1): 8\u201310.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001879"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"The European Malignant Hyperpyrexia Group.  A protocol for the investigation of malignant hyperpyrexia (MH) susceptibility[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>1984, 56(11): 1267\u20131269.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/56.11.1267"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hopkins PM, R\u00fcffert H, Snoeck MM, et al.  European Malignant Hyperthermia Group guidelines for investigation of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>2015, 115(4): 531\u2013539.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev225"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Larach MG.  Standardization of the caffeine halothane muscle contracture test. North American Malignant Hyperthermia Group[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>1989, 69(4): 511\u2013555.","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198910000-00015"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fletcher JE, Rosenberg H, Aggarwal M.  Comparison of European and North American malignant hyperthermia diagnostic protocol outcomes for use in genetic studies[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>1999, 90(3): 654\u2013661.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199903000-00005"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Islander G, Twetman ER.  Comparison between the European and North American protocols for diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility in humans[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>1999, 88(5): 1155\u20131160.","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199905000-00035"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u00d8rding H, Brancadoro V, Cozzolino S, et al. <i>In vitro<\/i> contracture test for diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia following the protocol of the European MH Group: results of testing patients surviving fulminant MH and unrelated low-risk subjects[J]. <i>Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, <\/i>1997, 41(8): 955\u2013966.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04820.x"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Allen GC, Larach MG, Kunselman AR.  The sensitivity and specificity of the caffeine-halothane contracture test: a report from the North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>1998, 88(3): 579\u2013588.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199803000-00006"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Urwyler A, Deufel T, McCarthy T, et al.  Guidelines for molecular genetic detection of susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Br J Anaesth, <\/i>2001, 86(2): 283\u2013287.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/86.2.283"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Witherspoon JW, Meilleur KG.  Review of RyR1 pathway and associated pathomechanisms[J]. <i>Acta Neuropathol Commun, <\/i>2016, 4(1): 121.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0392-6"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Carpenter D, Ringrose C, Leo V, et al.  The role of <i>CACNA1S<\/i> in predisposition to malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>BMC Med Genet, <\/i>2009, 10: 104.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-10-104"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Robinson RL, Anetseder MJ, Brancadoro V, et al.  Recent advances in the diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility: how confident can we be of genetic testing?[J]. <i>Eur J Hum Genet, <\/i>2003, 11(4): 342\u2013348.","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5200964"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sei Y, Sambuughin N, Muldoon S.  Malignant hyperthermia genetic testing in North America Working Group Meeting. Bethesda, Maryland. September 4-5, 2002[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2004, 100(2): 464\u2013465.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200402000-00058"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nelson TE, Rosenberg H, Muldoon SM.  Genetic testing for malignant hyperthermia in North America[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2004, 100(2): 212\u2013214.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200402000-00004"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Girard T, Treves S, Voronkov E, et al.  Molecular genetic testing for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2004, 100(5): 1076\u20131080.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200405000-00008"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-74","unstructured":"List of all causative mutations[EB\/OL]. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emhg.org\/diagnostic-mutations\">https:\/\/www.emhg.org\/diagnostic-mutations<\/a>."},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schuster F, Gardill A, Metterlein T, et al.  A minimally invasive metabolic test with intramuscular injection of halothane 5 and 6 vol% to detect probands at risk for malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Anaesthesia, <\/i>2007, 62(9): 882\u2013887.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05173.x"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schuster F, Hager M, Metterlein T, et al. <i>In-vivo<\/i> diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility: a microdialysis study[J]. <i>Anaesthesist, <\/i>2008, 57(8): 767\u2013774.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-008-1399-6"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schuster F, Scholl H, Hager M, et al.  The dose-response relationship and regional distribution of lactate after intramuscular injection of halothane and caffeine in malignant hyperthermia-susceptible pigs[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2006, 102(2): 468\u2013472.","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000189553.57833.11"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schuster F, Metterlein T, Negele S, et al.  An <i>in-vivo<\/i> metabolic test for detecting malignant hyperthermia susceptibility in humans: a pilot study[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>2008, 107(3): 909\u2013914.","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817e60b5"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johannsen S, Berberich C, Metterlein T, et al.  Screening test for malignant hyperthermia in patients with persistent hyperCKemia: a pilot study[J]. <i>Muscle Nerve, <\/i>2013, 47(5): 677\u2013681.","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23633"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sei Y, Gallagher KL, Basile AS.  Skeletal muscle type ryanodine receptor is involved in calcium signaling in human B lymphocytes[J]. <i>J Biol Chem, <\/i>1999, 274(9): 5995\u20136002.","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.9.5995"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sei Y, Brandom BW, Bina S, et al.  Patients with malignant hyperthermia demonstrate an altered calcium control mechanism in B lymphocytes[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2002, 97(5): 1052\u20131058.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200211000-00005"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wappler F, Scholz J, von Richthofen V, et al.  4-chlor-m-cresol induziert kontrakturen an skelettmuskel-pr\u00e4paraten von patienten mit disposition zu maligner hyperthermie[J]. <i>An\u00e4sthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther, <\/i>1997, 32(9): 541\u2013548.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-995108"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bina S, Capacchione J, Munkhuu B, et al.  Is lymphocyte adenosine a diagnostic marker of clinical malignant hyperthermia? a pilot study[J]. <i>Crit Care Med, <\/i>2015, 43(3): 584\u2013593.","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000744"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bina S, Capacchione J, Muldoon S, et al.  Lymphocyte-based determination of susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia: a pilot study in swine[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2010, 113(4): 917\u2013924.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181ee2cd0"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoppe K, Hack G, Lehmann-Horn F, et al.  Hypermetabolism in B-lymphocytes from malignant hyperthermia susceptible individuals[J]. <i>Sci Rep, <\/i>2016, 6: 33372.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33372"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zullo A, Klingler W, De Sarno C, et al.  Functional characterization of ryanodine receptor (RYR1) sequence variants using a metabolic assay in immortalized B-lymphocytes[J]. <i>Hum Mutat, <\/i>2009, 30(4): E575\u2013E590.","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20991"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mickelson JR, Gallant EM, Litterer LA, et al.  Abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum ryanodine receptor in malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>J Biol Chem, <\/i>1988, 263(19): 9310\u20139315.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)76541-7"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olgin J, Rosenberg H, Allen G, et al.  A blinded comparison of noninvasive, <i>in vivo<\/i> phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the <i>in vitro<\/i> halothane\/caffeine contracture test in the evaluation of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility[J]. <i>Anesth Analg, <\/i>1991, 72(1): 36\u201347.","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199101000-00007"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Payen JF, Bosson JL, Bourdon L, et al.  Improved noninvasive diagnostic testing for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility from a combination of metabolites determined <i>in vivo<\/i> with <sup>31<\/sup>P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>1993, 78(5): 848\u2013855.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199305000-00007"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schatke H, Schneider J, Abbushi W, et al.  Fr\u00fchdiagnose der malignen Hyperthermie-zum Stellenwert des endexspiratorischen CO<sub>2<\/sub>-Monitorings[J]. <i>An\u00e4sthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther, <\/i>1991, 26(8): 468\u2013470.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000618"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bonciu M, De La Chapelle A, Delpech H, et al.  Minor increase of endtidal CO<sub>2<\/sub> during sevoflurane-induced malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>Pediatr Anesth, <\/i>2007, 17(2): 180\u2013182.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2006.02051.x"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin HT, Wang SC, Zuo ZY, et al.  Increased requirement for minute ventilation and negative arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient may indicate malignant hyperthermia[J]. <i>J Chin Med Assoc, <\/i>2014, 77(4): 209\u2013212.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2014.01.002"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tautz TJ, Urwyler A, Antognini JF.  Case scenario: increased end-tidal carbon dioxide: a diagnostic dilemma[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2010, 112(2): 440\u2013446.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181ca7c38"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ganesan AV, Ricardez-Sandoval LA.  A modelling study of a new malignant hyperthermia diagnosis device[J]. <i>Can J Chem Eng, <\/i>2015, 93(6): 1053\u20131062.","DOI":"10.1002\/cjce.22191"},{"key":"key-10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089-95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Burkman JM, Posner KL, Domino KB.  Analysis of the clinical variables associated with recrudescence after malignant hyperthermia reactions[J]. <i>Anesthesiology, <\/i>2007, 106(5): 901\u2013906.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000265148.86566.68"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Biomedical Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jbr-pub.org.cn\/fileSWYXYJZZYWB\/journal\/article\/swyxyjzzywb\/2020\/2\/JBR-2018-0089.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T17:16:03Z","timestamp":1678382163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jbr-pub.org.cn\/article\/doi\/10.7555\/JBR.33.20180089?viewType=HTML"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"alternative-id":["JBR-2018-0089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7555\/jbr.33.20180089","relation":{},"ISSN":["1674-8301"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1674-8301","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}