{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T15:39:59Z","timestamp":1648913999356},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jaoa.2018.003_s_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although not incorporated into current cervical cancer screening guidelines, racial differences are known to persist in both occurrence of and outcomes related to cervical cancer.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jaoa.2018.003_s_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To compare the differences in progression and regression of precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix on cervical cytologic analysis among women of different races who adhered to cervical cancer screening recommendations and follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jaoa.2018.003_s_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study comparing differences in precancerous lesion diagnoses for patients receiving adequate evaluation according to the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology guidelines. The authors fit Markov multistate models to estimate self-reported race-specific expected wait times and hazard ratios for each possible regression and progression and compared a race model with an intercept-only model using a likelihood ratio test.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jaoa.2018.003_s_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The sample included 5472 women receiving a Papanicolaou test between January 2006 and September 2016, contributing a total of 24,316 person-years of follow-up. Of 21 hazard ratios tested for significance, the following 4 hazard ratios (95% CIs) were statistically significant: atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) progression to low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) for Hispanic patients (0.72; 95% CI, 0.54-0.96); LSIL regression to ASC-US for Hispanic patients (1.55; 95% CI, 1.04-2.31), LSIL regression to ASC-US for Asian patients (1.91; 95% CI, 1.08-3.36), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion regression to LSIL for black patients (0.39; 95% CI, 0.16-0.96). There is an observed trend that all racial groups other than white had a slower rate of progression from ASC-US to LSIL, with Hispanics having demonstrated the slowest rate from ASC-US to LSIL. Hispanics also demonstrated the fastest rate from LSIL to HSIL when compared with all other race categories. In regressions, blacks had the slowest rate of regression from HSIL to LSIL, and Asians had the fastest rate from LSIL to ASC-US. The Hispanic group demonstrated the fastest expected progression (17.6 years; 95% CI, 11.5-25.5), as well as the fastest regression (27.6 years; 95% CI, 21.5-35.6), and the black group has the slowest expected times for both progression (28.1 years; 95% CI, 14.6-47.2) and regression (49 years; 95% CI, 29.1-86.2). The number of visits (1 vs \u22652) in the study was differentially distributed both by race (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.033) and by last diagnosis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jaoa.2018.003_s_005\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Variations in precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix are not uniform across races.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2018.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T14:41:47Z","timestamp":1515422507000},"page":"8-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Variations in Progression and Regression of Precancerous Lesions of the Uterine Cervix on Cytology Testing Among Women of Different Races"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Martingano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Renson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison Jane","family":"Martingano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis X.","family":"Martingano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21332","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2016","volume":"66","author":"Siegel","year":"2016","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"9","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28509","article-title":"Annual Report to the Nation on the status of cancer, 1975-2010, featuring prevalence of comorbidity and impact on survival among persons with lung, colorectal, breast, or prostate cancer","volume":"120","author":"Edwards","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21139","article-title":"American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer","volume":"62","author":"Saslow","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00424","article-title":"US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for cervical cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement","volume":"156","author":"Moyer","year":"2012","journal-title":". Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_005","first-page":"583","article-title":"Follow-up of abnormal Papanicolaou smears among women of different races","volume":"37","author":"Carey","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-7435(03)00172-5","article-title":"Racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and access disparities in the use of preventive services among women","volume":"37","author":"Sambamoorthi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200201000-00007","article-title":"Disparities in health care by race, ethnicity, and language among the insured: findings from a national sample","volume":"40","author":"Fiscella","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21173","article-title":"Cancer statistics for African Americans, 2013","volume":"63","author":"DeSantis","year":"2013","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2009.03.033","article-title":"Mortality rates due to gynecologic cancers in New York state by demographic factors and proximity to a Gynecologic Oncology Group member treatment center: 1979-2001","volume":"114","author":"Tan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.05.014","article-title":"Minority participation in Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) studies","volume":"138","author":"Scalici","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001088","article-title":"Health care disparities in hysterectomy for gynecologic cancers: data from the 2012 National Inpatient Sample","volume":"126","author":"Esselen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.06.032","article-title":"Racial\/Ethnic and poverty disparities in human papillomavirus vaccination completion","volume":"41","author":"Niccolai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.3.2463-2472.1997","article-title":"Human papillomavirus type 16 sequence variation in cervical cancers: a worldwide perspective","volume":"71","author":"Yamada","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.7.1746-1754.1995","article-title":"Variation of human papillomavirus type 6 (HPV-6) and HPV-11 genomes sampled throughout the world","volume":"33","author":"Heinzel","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14705","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014705","article-title":"Distribution patterns of infection with multiple types of human papillomaviruses and their association with risk factors","volume":"6","author":"Soto-De Leon","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182883a34","article-title":"2012 updated consensus guidelines for the management of abnormal cervical cancer screening tests and cancer precursors","volume":"121","author":"Massad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.07.047","article-title":"2006 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology-sponsored Consensus Conference. 2006 consensus guidelines for the management of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or adenocarcinoma in situ","volume":"197","author":"Wright","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_018"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1191\/0962280202SM276ra","article-title":"Multi-state models for event history analysis","volume":"11","author":"Andersen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_020","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2016"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(03)00418-6","article-title":"Results of a randomized trial on the management of cytology interpretations of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance","volume":"188","author":"ASCUS-LSIL Traige Study (ALTS) Group","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(03)00413-7","article-title":"A randomized trial on the management of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology interpretations","volume":"188","author":"ASCUS-LSIL Traige Study (ALTS) Group","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5 suppl 1","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3182854253","article-title":"Five-year risk of CIN3+ and cervical cancer for women with HPV testing of ASC-US Pap results","volume":"17","author":"Katki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181fe777f","article-title":"Rate of and risks for regression of CIN-2 in adolescents and young women","volume":"116","author":"Moscicki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9446","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17354-6","article-title":"Regression of low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions in young women","volume":"364","author":"Moscicki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2004.10.021","article-title":"The clinical importance of the nomenclature, evolution and taxonomy of human papillomaviruses","volume":"32","author":"Bernard","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"23","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.23.2995","article-title":"Risks for incident human papillomavirus infection and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion development in young females","volume":"285","author":"Moscicki","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1159\/000326428","article-title":"Cervical cytology screening history of women diagnosed with adenocarcinoma in situ of the cervix","volume":"48","author":"Mitchell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70145-0","article-title":"Cervical cancer risk for women undergoing concurrent testing for human papillomavirus and cervical cytology: a population-based study in routine clinical practice","volume":"12","author":"Katki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPZ5JY6FCVNMOT","article-title":"ATHENA (Addressing THE Need for Advanced HPV Diagnostics) HPV Study Group. High-risk human papillomavirus testing in women with ASC-US cytology","volume":"135","author":"Stoler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3181b8b024","article-title":"Lessons from practice: risk of CIN 3 or cancer associated with an LSIL or HPV-positive ASC-US screening result in women aged 21 to 24","volume":"14","author":"Moore","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1309\/HL0B-C7Y6-AC77-ND2U","article-title":"Atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS): interobserver reproducibility in cervical smears and corresponding thin-layer preparations","volume":"117","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_033","volume-title":"Cancer Statistics Review, 1973-1989","author":"Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results","year":"1992"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31826e4609","article-title":"Cervical carcinoma rates among young females in the United States","volume":"120","author":"Benard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_035","first-page":"1029","article-title":"Predictors of cervical coinfection with multiple human papillomavirus types","volume":"12","author":"Rousseau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"14","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.2308","article-title":"Patterns of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence across five continents: defining priorities to reduce cancer disparities in different geographic regions of the world","volume":"24","author":"Kamangar","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022022617211992719_j_jaoa.2018.003_ref_037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2008.00019.x","article-title":"High frequency of multiple HPV types in cervical specimens from Danish women","volume":"117","author":"Mejlhede","year":"2009","journal-title":"APMIS"}],"container-title":["Journal of Osteopathic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.7556\/jaoa.2018.003\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.7556\/jaoa.2018.003\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,26]],"date-time":"2022-02-26T17:22:02Z","timestamp":1645896122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.7556\/jaoa.2018.003\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.7556\/jaoa.2018.003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7556\/jaoa.2018.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2702-3648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2702-3648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]}}}