{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T10:32:26Z","timestamp":1793442746074,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We detail a novel presentation of tuberculosis associated with intestinal perforation in an endangered Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) from South Australian waters and confirm the presence of this disease in the region of highest pup production. In February 2017, a 3-yr-old juvenile male died shortly after hauling out at the Kingscote beach on Kangaroo Island. On postmortem examination, we found a mid-jejunal intestinal perforation and partial obstruction (from a strangulating fibrous and granulomatous mesenteric mass), a marked multicentric abdominal fibrosing granulomatous lymphadenitis, and a large volume serosanguinous peritoneal effusion. Acid-fast bacteria were detected postmortem in cytologic preparations of the mesenteric lymph node and in histologic sections of jejunum and the encircling mass. Mycobacterial infection was confirmed by positive culture after 3 wk. Molecular typing using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit\u2013variable-number tandem-repeat typing with 12-locus analysis identified Mycobacterium pinnipedii. This case highlights the need for vigilance of zoonotic disease risk when handling pinnipeds, including in the absence of specific respiratory signs or grossly apparent pulmonary pathology. Increased serologic population surveillance is recommended to assess the species' risk from this and other endemic diseases, especially given its endangered status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7589\/jwd-d-20-00104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]],"date-time":"2021-01-07T11:41:41Z","timestamp":1610019701000},"page":"220-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Novel Presentation of Tuberculosis with Intestinal Perforation in a Free-Ranging Australian Sea Lion (Neophoca cinerea)"],"prefix":"10.7589","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Leske Building, The University of Adelaide, Mudla Wirra Road, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, McMaster Building B14, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4415","reference":[{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K Jurczynski, KP Lyashchenko, J Scharpegge, et al.  \"Aquat Mamm.\"  38, \"Use of multiple diagnostic tests to detect Mycobacterium pinnipedii infections in a large group of South American sea lions (Otaria flavescens).\" 43 (2012)","DOI":"10.1578\/AM.38.1.2012.43"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Lynch, O Nielsen, PJ Duignan, et al.  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  47, \"Serologic survey for potential pathogens and assessment of disease risk in Australian fur seals.\" 555 (2011)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-47.3.555"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TB Waltzek, G Cort\u00e9s-Hinojosa, JFX Wellehan, et al.  \"Zoonoses Public Health.\"  59, \"Marine mammal zoonoses: A review of disease manifestations.\" 521 (2012)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01492.x"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Allix-Beguec, D Harmsen, T Weniger, et al.  \"J Clin Microbiol.\"  46, \"Evaluation and strategy for use of MIRU-VNTRplus, a multifunctional database for online analysis of genotyping data and phylogenetic identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates.\" 2692 (2008)","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00540-08"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R Bastida, J Loureiro, V Quse, et al.  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  35, \"Tuberculosis in a wild subantarctic fur seal from Argentina.\" 796 (1999)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-35.4.796"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A Bernardelli, R Bastida, J Loureiro, et al.  \"Rev Sci Tech.\"  15, \"Tuberculosis in sea lions and fur seals from the south-western Atlantic coast.\" 985 (1996)","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.15.3.963"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WSJ Boardman, L Shephard, I Bastian, et al.  \"J Zoo Wildl Med.\"  45, \"Mycobacterium pinnipedii tuberculosis in a free-ranging Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) in South Australia.\" 970 (2014)","DOI":"10.1638\/2014-0054.1"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J Chatterton, A Pas, S Alexander, et al.  \"J Zoo Wildl Med.\"  51, \"Mycobacterial disease and subsequent diagnostic investigations in a group of captive pinnipeds in New Zealand.\" 177 (2020)","DOI":"10.1638\/2019-0007"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DV Cousins, SN Williams, R Reuter, et al.  \"Aust Vet J.\"  70, \"Tuberculosis in wild seals and characterisation of the seal bacillus.\" 92 (1993)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1993.tb03284.x"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D Forshaw  and GR Phelps  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  27, \"Tuberculosis in a captive colony of pinnipeds.\" 288 (1991)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-27.2.288"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"SD. Goldsworthy,  \"The International Union for Conservation of Nature red list of threatened species 2015.\"  , \"Neophoca cinerea.\" e.T14549A45228341 (2015)"},{"key":"9","unstructured":"SD Goldsworthy, J McKenzie, PD Shaughnessy, et al.  \"An update of the report: Understanding the impediments to the growth of Australian sea lion populations. SARDI Publication F2008\/00847-1. 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