{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T09:33:44Z","timestamp":1793439224929,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adenoviruses are common pathogens infecting a wide range of vertebrates. Few cetacean adenoviruses have been described in the literature, and their pathogenicity is still unclear. Using PCR-based viral and bacterial pathogen surveillance in Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort seas bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) legally harvested 2012\u201315 during Alaskan aboriginal subsistence hunts, six of 59 bowhead whales (10%) tested positive for adenovirus DNA in the spleen. We found a high degree of sequence divergence from other mastadenoviruses, suggesting these may represent a novel species, tentatively named bowhead whale adenovirus. The sequences detected are distinct from adenoviruses previously identified in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena), forming two distinct clades in the cetacean hosts. The clinical impact is unclear, since no histopathologic evidence of adenovirus-associated disease was found. Furthermore, detection of adenovirus DNA in the spleen, contrary to other cetacean adenoviruses detected in the intestinal tract, may suggest a broader tissue tropism. Our study demonstrates adenovirus infection in bowhead whales and the usefulness of molecular diagnostics to discover and genetically characterize novel viruses in marine mammals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7589\/jwd-d-20-00151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T09:57:29Z","timestamp":1625479049000},"page":"652-656","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Novel Adenovirus Detected in Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus): Epidemiologic Data and Phylogenetic Characterization"],"prefix":"10.7589","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Eliana","family":"De Luca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphaela","family":"Stimmelmayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Slope Department of Wildlife Management, 1274 Agvik Street, Utqia\u0121vik, Alaska 99723, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Rotstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Mammal Pathology Services, 19117 Bloomfield Road, Olney, Maryland 20832, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4415","reference":[{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Hasegawa, H Kishino, T Yano,  \"J Mol Evol.\"  22, \"Dating the human-ape split by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA.\" 160 (1985)","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02101694"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S Tong, SW Chern, Y Li, et al.  \"J Clin Microbiol.\"  46, \"Sensitive and broadly reactive reverse transcription-PCR assays to detect novel paramyxoviruses.\" 2652 (2008)","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00192-08"},{"key":"1","unstructured":"GG Baily, JB Krahn, BS Drasar, et al.  \"J 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Both, et al.  \"Virus taxonomy (9th report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses).\"  , \"Family Adenoviridae.\" 125 (2011)","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-384684-6.00009-4"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y Inoshima, T Murakami, N Ishiguro, et al.  \"Vet Microbiol.\"  165, \"An outbreak of lethal adenovirus infection among different otariid species.\" 455 (2013)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2013.04.013"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Malmberg, C Rubio-Guerri, J Hayer, et al.  \"Infect Genet Evol.\"  53, \"Phylogenomic analysis of the complete sequence of a gastroenteritis-associated cetacean adenovirus reveals a high degree of genetic divergence.\" 47 (2017)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.05.008"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TM O'Hara, JC George, RJ Tarpley, et al.  \"J Cetacean Res Manag.\"  4, \"Sexual maturation in male bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) of the Bering seas stock.\" 143 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avian influenza virus.\" 1079 (2003)","DOI":"10.1637\/0005-2086-47.s3.1079"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R Stimmelmayr, D Rotstein, G Sheffield, et al.  \"The Bowhead whale\u2014Balaena mysticetus: Biology and human interactions.\"  , \"Diseases and parasites.\" 471 (2021)","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818969-6.00030-3"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y Zhang, W Huang, DA Ornelles, et al.  \"J Virol.\"  84, \"Modeling adenovirus latency in human lymphocyte cell lines.\" 8799 (2010)","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00562-10"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wildlife 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