{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T08:32:36Z","timestamp":1793435556224,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Throughout North America, chronic wasting disease (CWD) has emerged as perhaps the greatest threat to wild cervid populations, including white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus). White-tailed deer are the most sought-after big game species across North America with populations of various subspecies in nearly all Canadian provinces, the contiguous US, and Mexico. Documented CWD cases have dramatically increased across the WTD range since the mid-1990s, including in Minnesota, US. CWD surveillance in free-ranging WTD and other cervid populations mainly depends upon immunodetection methods such as immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes and obex. More recent technologies centered on prion protein amplification methods of detection have shown promise as more sensitive and rapid CWD diagnostic tools. Here, we used blinded samples to test the efficacy of real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) in comparison to ELISA for screening tissues collected in 2019 from WTD in southeastern Minnesota, where CWD has been routinely detected since 2016. Our results support previous findings that RT-QuIC is a more sensitive tool for CWD detection than current antibody-based methods. Additionally, a CWD testing protocol that includes multiple lymphoid tissues (e.g., medial retropharyngeal lymph node, parotid lymph node, and palatine tonsil) per animal can effectively identify a greater number of CWD detections in a WTD population than a single sample type (e.g., medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes). These results show that the variability of CWD pathogenesis, sampling protocol, and testing platform must be considered for the effective detection and management of CWD throughout North America.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7589\/jwd-d-21-00033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T06:53:08Z","timestamp":1641279188000},"page":"50-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["COMPARISON OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE DETECTION METHODS AND PROCEDURES: IMPLICATIONS FOR FREE-RANGING WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) SURVEILLANCE AND MANAGEMENT"],"prefix":"10.7589","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Marc D.","family":"Schwabenlander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 301 Vet Science Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gage R.","family":"Rowden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 301 Vet Science Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manci","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 301 Vet Science Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelsie","family":"LaSharr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 5463 W Broadway, Forest Lake, Minnesota 55025, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik C.","family":"Hildebrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 5463 W Broadway, Forest Lake, Minnesota 55025, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 301 Vet Science Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davis M.","family":"Seelig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 300E Vet Science Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris S.","family":"Jennelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 5463 W Broadway, Forest Lake, Minnesota 55025, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Cornicelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 5463 W Broadway, Forest Lake, Minnesota 55025, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany M.","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 495L AS\/VM, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Carstensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 5463 W Broadway, Forest Lake, Minnesota 55025, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 301 Vet Science Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4415","reference":[{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ES Williams  and S Young  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  16, \"Chronic wasting disease of captive mule deer: A spongiform encephalopathy.\" 89 (1980)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-16.1.89"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LD Brown, TT Cai, A DasGupta,  \"Stat Sci.\"  16, \"Interval estimation for a binomial proportion.\" 101 (2001)","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1009213286"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E McNulty, AV Nalls, S Mellentine, et al.  \"PLoS One.\"  14, \"Comparison of conventional, amplification and bio-assay detection methods for a chronic wasting disease inoculum pool.\" e0216621 (2019)","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216621"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MT Osterholm, CJ 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(2010)","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001217"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ES Williams  and MW Miller  \"Rev Sci Tech.\"  21, \"Chronic wasting disease in deer and elk in North America.\" 305 (2002)","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.21.2.1340"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T07:55:45Z","timestamp":1793433345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-wildlife-diseases\/volume-58\/issue-1\/JWD-D-21-00033\/COMPARISON-OF-CHRONIC-WASTING-DISEASE-DETECTION-METHODS-AND-PROCEDURES\/10.7589\/JWD-D-21-00033.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7589\/jwd-d-21-00033","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.03.03.433751","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0090-3558","1943-3700"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-3558","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3700","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]}}}