{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:32:28Z","timestamp":1793421148826,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Products of parturition are the predominant source of Brucella abortus for transmission in bison (Bison bison). Our objective was to assess whether preventing pregnancy in Brucella-seropositive bison reduced B. abortus shedding. Brucella-seropositive and -seronegative bison from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA were used in a replicated experiment. Each of two replicates (rep1, rep2) included a group of seropositive females treated with a single dose of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-based immunocontraceptive (Treatment rep1, n=15; Treatment rep2, n=20) and an untreated group (Control rep1, n=14; Control rep2, n=16) housed separately. Seronegative sentinel females were placed in each group to monitor horizontal transmission. Seronegative males were co-mingled for breeding each year. Pregnant females were removed from treatment groups in the first year, but not thereafter. Each January\u2013June we monitored for B. abortus shedding events\u2014any parturition associated with culture-positive fluids or tissues. We analyzed probability of shedding events using a negative binomial generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood using Laplace approximation. Over 5 yr, we observed zero shedding events in Treatment rep1 vs. 12 in Control rep1. All five Control rep1 sentinels but zero (0\/5) Treatment rep1 sentinels seroconverted. In the second replicate, Treatment rep2 had two shedding events over 3 yr and Control rep2 had five events over 2 yr. Sentinels in both Control rep2 (3\/6) and Treatment rep2 (5\/6) seroconverted by trial endpoint. Treatment rep1 showed a reduced shedding probability relative to Control rep1, Treatment rep2, and Control rep2 (log odds value \u201325.36 vs. \u20131.71, \u20131.39, and \u20130.23, respectively). Fixed effect predictor covariates, year and age, had no explanatory value. These data suggest that successful contraception of brucellosis-seropositive female bison prevents shedding of B. abortus by individual animals. However, contraceptive treatment may or may not sufficiently reduce disease transmission to reduce brucellosis prevalence in an affected herd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7589\/jwd-d-21-00167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T13:45:19Z","timestamp":1713534319000},"page":"327-338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["EFFECTS OF PREGNANCY PREVENTION ON BRUCELLA ABORTUS SHEDDING IN AMERICAN BISON (BISON BISON)"],"prefix":"10.7589","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Pauline","family":"Nol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building B, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, PO Box 253, Manhattan, Montana 59741, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Wehtje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building B, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Rhyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick Ryan","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, PO Box 253, Manhattan, Montana 59741, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"McCollum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biomedical Laboratory, 3105 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Quance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Eckery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 Laporte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suelee","family":"Robbe-Austerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4415","reference":[{"key":"24","unstructured":"\"R: A language and environment for statistical computing.\"  (2022)"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JC Rhyan, T Gidlewski, TJ Roffe, et al.  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  37, \"Pathology of brucellosis in bison from Yellowstone National Park.\" 101 (2001)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-37.1.101"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JC Rhyan, K Aune, T Roffe, et al.  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  45, \"Pathogenesis and epidemiology of brucellosis in Yellowstone bison: Serologic and culture results from adult females and their progeny.\" 729 (2009)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-45.3.729"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VE. 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Treanor,  \"Rev Sci Tech.\"  32, \"Integrating ecology with management to control wildlife brucellosis.\" 239 (2013)","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.32.1.2198"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JJ Treanor, C Geremia, PH Crowley, et al.  \"J Appl Ecol.\"  48, \"Estimating probabilities of active brucellosis infection in Yellowstone bison through quantitative serology and tissue culture.\" 1324 (2011)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2011.02058.x"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SR Uhrig, P Nol, P McCollum, et al.  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  49, \"Transmission of Brucella abortus Strain 19 in bison by intravaginal, intrauterine,and intraconjunctival inoculation.\" 522 (2013)","DOI":"10.7589\/2012-03-071"},{"key":"37","unstructured":"\"Brucellosis eradication: Uniform methods and rules.\"  (2003)"},{"key":"38","unstructured":"\"National Veterinary Services Laboratories protocol SOP-SERO-1051.03.\"  \"Brucella abortus fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) using tubes.\" 1 (2006a)"},{"key":"39","unstructured":"\"National Veterinary Services Laboratories protocol SOP-SERO-1024.\"  4, \"Buffered acidified plate antigen test for detection of antibodies to Brucella abortus.\" 1 (2006b)"},{"key":"40","unstructured":"\"National Veterinary Services Laboratories protocol SOP-SERO-1027.\"  4, \"Card test for detection of antibodies to Brucella abortus.\" 1 (2006c)"},{"key":"41","unstructured":"\"National Veterinary Services Laboratories protocol SOP-SERO-1022.\"  9, \"Complement fixation test for detection of antibodies to Brucella abortus and Brucella suis.\" 1 (2011)"},{"key":"42","unstructured":"\"Environmental Assessment.\"  \"Evaluation of GonaCon, an immunocontraceptive vaccine, as a means of decreasing transmission of Brucella abortus in bison in the Greater Yellowstone Area.\" (2012a)"},{"key":"43","unstructured":"\"Finding of no significant impact for the proposed study: Evaluation of GonaCon, an immunocontraceptive vaccine, as a means of decreasing transmission of Brucella abortus in bison in the Greater Yellowstone Area.\"  (2012b)"},{"key":"44","unstructured":"\"Final environmental impact statement for the interagency bison management plan for the State of Montana and Yellowstone National Park.\"  (2000)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:25:55Z","timestamp":1793420755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-wildlife-diseases\/volume-60\/issue-2\/JWD-D-21-00167\/EFFECTS-OF-PREGNANCY-PREVENTION-ON-BRUCELLA-ABORTUS-SHEDDING-IN-AMERICAN\/10.7589\/JWD-D-21-00167.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7589\/jwd-d-21-00167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-3558","1943-3700"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-3558","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3700","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]}}}