{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T05:31:16Z","timestamp":1793424676446,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During 2018, a seabird mortality event occurred in central California, US, that affected Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis), Common Murres (Uria aalge), and Cassin's Auklets (Ptychoramphus aleuticus). An increase in beachcast birds were reported on standardized surveys in conjunction with an increased number of live-stranded birds admitted to rehabilitation centers. Neurologic symptoms were noted during intake examination for some birds. Coincident with the mortality event, increased levels of the harmful algal bloom toxins domoic acid and saxitoxin were recorded in Monterey Bay and Morro Bay. Birds that died in care and beachcast carcasses were submitted to the California Department of Fish and Wildlife\u2013Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Center for postmortem examination (n=24). All examined birds were emaciated. Examined Common Murres and Cassin's Auklets had no gross evidence of preexisting disease; however, all examined Northern Fulmars exhibited severe pyogranulomatous inflammation of the urogenital system at gross postmortem exam. Tissues from nine Northern Fulmars were examined by histopathology, and samples from two Northern Fulmars were tested for the presence of domoic acid and saxitoxin. Histopathology revealed moderate to severe kidney infection by Eimeria sp. and gram-negative bacteria, intratubular urate stasis, ureter rupture, and emaciation. Additionally, domoic acid and saxitoxin were detected simultaneously in tissues of some tested birds. This communication highlights a novel pattern of cascading comorbidities in native seabirds from a mass stranding event.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7589\/jwd-d-23-00008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T02:16:16Z","timestamp":1705025776000},"page":"171-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Investigation of a Mass Stranding Event Reveals a Novel Pattern of Cascading Comorbidities in Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis)"],"prefix":"10.7589","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Greenwald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Office of Spill Prevention and Response, Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Center, 151 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne M.","family":"Gibble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Office of Spill Prevention and Response, Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Center, 151 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Office of Spill Prevention and Response, Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Center, 151 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Donnelly-Greenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Rd., Moss Landing, California 95039, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael M.","family":"Kudela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High St., Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4415","reference":[{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T Jones, LM Divine, H Renner, et al.  \"PLOS One.\"  14, \"Unusual mortality of Tufted Puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) in the eastern Bering Sea.\" e0216532 (2019)","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216532"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JF Piatt, JK Parrish, HM Renner, et al.  \"PLoS One.\"  15, \"Extreme mortality and reproductive failure of Common Murres resulting from the northeast Pacific marine heatwave of 2014\u20132016.\" e0226087 (2020)","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226087"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SE Shumway, SM Allen, PD Boersma,  \"Harmful Algae.\"  2, \"Marine birds and harmful algal blooms: Sporadic victims or under-reported events?\" 1 (2003)","DOI":"10.1016\/S1568-9883(03)00002-7"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SH Newman, A Chmura, K Converse, et al.  \"Mar Ecol Prog Ser.\"  352, \"Aquatic bird disease and mortality as an indicator of changing ecosystem health.\" 299 (2007)","DOI":"10.3354\/meps07076"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JL Rifkin, CL Nunn, LZ Garamszegi,  \"Am Nat.\"  180, \"Do animals living in larger groups experience greater parasitism? 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Silvagni,  \"Comparative pathology and diagnosis of domoic acid toxicity.\"  139 (2003)"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BN Tuggle  and JL Crites  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  20, \"Renal coccidiosis in interior Canada Geese, Branta canadensis interior Todd, of the Mississippi Valley population.\" 272 (1984)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-20.4.272"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C Van Hemert, SK Schoen, RW Litaker, et al.  \"Harmful Algae.\"  92, \"Algal toxins in Alaskan seabirds: Evaluating the role of saxitoxin and domoic acid in a large-scale die-off of Common Murres.\" 101730 (2020)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2019.101730"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MJ Yabsley, NL Gottdenker, JR Fischer,  \"J Parasitol.\"  88, \"Description of a new Eimeria sp. and associated lesions in the kidneys of double-crested cormorants (Phalocrocorax auritus).\" 1230 (2002)","DOI":"10.2307\/3285498"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FA Leighton  and AA Gajadhar  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  22, \"Eimeria fraterculae sp. n. in the kidneys of Atlantic puffins (Fratercula arctica) from Newfoundland, Canada: Species description and lesions.\" 520 (1986)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-22.4.520"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:47:50Z","timestamp":1793422070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-wildlife-diseases\/volume-60\/issue-1\/JWD-D-23-00008\/Investigation-of-a-Mass-Stranding-Event-Reveals-a-Novel-Pattern\/10.7589\/JWD-D-23-00008.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7589\/jwd-d-23-00008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-3558","1943-3700"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-3558","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3700","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]}}}