{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:58:45Z","timestamp":1791237525979,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Isolation of protostrongylid larvae from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from northern Minnesota (n=60), Wisconsin (n=19), and Michigan (n=38), USA, and confirmation of species identities via DNA sequencing, revealed Parelaphostrongylus tenuis, Parelaphostrongylus andersoni, Varestrongylus cf. alpenae and five unidentified genetic lineages. This has implications for moose (Alces alces) conservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7589\/jwd-d-24-00195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T09:34:58Z","timestamp":1771234498000},"page":"253-256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multiple Species of Protostrongylid Nematodes Occur in White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) across the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA"],"prefix":"10.7589","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Alec O.","family":"Kraushaar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, 1401 Presque Isle Ave., Marquette, Michigan 49855, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric P.","family":"Hoberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Museum of Southwestern Biology, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt E.","family":"Galbreath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, 1401 Presque Isle Ave., Marquette, Michigan 49855, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4415","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"IM Asmundsson, JA Mortenson, EP Hoberg,  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  44, \"Muscle-worms, Parelaphostrongylus andersoni (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae), discovered in Columbia white-tailed deer from Oregon and Washington: Implications for biogeography and host associations.\" 16 (2008)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-44.1.16"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M Casiraghi, O Bain, R Guerrero, et al.  \"Int J Parasitol.\"  34, \"Mapping the presence of Wolbachia pipientis on the phylogeny of filarial nematodes: Evidence for symbiont loss during evolution.\" 191 (2004)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2003.10.004"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EJ Jenkins, GD Appleyard, EP Hoberg, et al.  \"J Parasitol.\"  91, \"Geographic distribution of the muscle-dwelling nematode Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei in North America, using molecular identification of first-stage larvae.\" 574 (2005)","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-413R"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"JJ. Maskey,  \"Investigation of the occurrence of muscleworm (Parelaphostrongylus andersoni) in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) of Michigan's Upper Peninsula.\"  55 (2002)"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DW. Nagy,  \"Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Pract.\"  20, \"Parelaphostrongylus tenuis and other parasitic diseases of the ruminant nervous system.\" 393 (2004)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2004.02.009"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AJ Pidwerbesky, CJ Gair, CN Berkvens, et al.  \"Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl.\"  21, \"DNA sequencing confirms meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis) and muscle worm (Parelaphostrongylus andersoni) in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus): Implications for moose (Alces alces) management.\" 305 (2023)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2023.01.009"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AK Prestwood, VF Nettles, FE Kellog,  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  10, \"Distribution of muscleworm, Parelaphostrongylus andersoni, among white-tailed deer of the southeastern United States.\" 404 (1974)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-10.4.404"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MJ Pybus, WM Samuel, DA Welch, et al.  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  26, \"Parelaphostrongylus andersoni (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) in white-tailed deer from Michigan.\" 535 (1990)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-26.4.535"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GG Verocai, SJ Kutz, M Simard, et al.  \"Parasit Vectors.\"  7, \"Varestrongylus eleguneniensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae): A widespread, multi-host lungworm of wild North American ungulates, with an emended diagnosis for the genus and explorations of biogeography.\" 556 (2014)","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0556-9"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RB Gasser, NB Chilton, H Hoste, et al.  \"Nucleic Acids Res.\"  21, \"Rapid sequencing of rDNA from single worms and eggs of parasitic helminths.\" 2525 (1993)","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/21.10.2525"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SG Forrester  and MW Lankester  \"J Wildl Dis.\"  33, \"Extracting protostrongylid nematode larvae from ungulate feces.\" 511 (1997)","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-33.3.511"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P Kafle, LM Leclerc, M Anderson, et al.  \"Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl.\"  6, \"Morphological keys to advance the understanding of protostrongylid biodiversity in caribou (Rangifer spp.) at high latitudes.\" 331 (2017)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2017.08.009"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SJ Kutz, I Asmundsson, EP Hoberg, et al.  \"Can J Zool.\"  85, \"Serendipitous discovery of a novel protostrongylid (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in caribou, muskoxen, and moose from high latitudes of North America based on DNA sequence comparisons.\" 1143 (2007)","DOI":"10.1139\/Z07-091"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S Kumar, G Stecher, M Li, et al.  \"Mol Biol Evol.\"  35, \"MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms.\" 1547 (2018)","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AK. Prestwood,  \"J Parasitol.\"  58, \"Parelaphostrongylus andersoni sp. n. (Metastrongyloidea: Protostrongylidae) from the musculature of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).\" 897 (1972)","DOI":"10.2307\/3286582"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MA Ditmer, AM McGraw, L Cornicelli, et al.  \"J Mammal.\"  101, \"Using movement ecology to investigate meningeal worm risk in moose, Alces alces.\" 589 (2020)","DOI":"10.1093\/jmammal\/gyaa019"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:18:48Z","timestamp":1791235128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bioone.org\/journals\/journal-of-wildlife-diseases\/volume-62\/issue-1\/JWD-D-24-00195\/Multiple-Species-of-Protostrongylid-Nematodes-Occur-in-White-Tailed-Deer\/10.7589\/JWD-D-24-00195.full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7589\/jwd-d-24-00195","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-3558","1943-3700"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-3558","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3700","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]}}}