{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:58:45Z","timestamp":1791237525963,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Wildlife Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe hepatic infections by giant liver fluke (Fascioloides magna) in free-ranging muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) in Nunavik, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada. Whole livers and feces were collected from 51 muskoxen (37 males, 14 females) harvested from 2007 to 2011. Prevalence of F. magna was very high (48\/51, 94%; 95% confidence interval, 84\u201399), with the intensity of infection reaching up to 40 adult trematodes per liver (median, 4 flukes). The estimated percentage of macroscopically altered liver, which was evaluated in serial 1-cm-thick slices, ranged from 0.1% to 57.3% and was positively correlated with the number of parasites detected. Animals harvested near Tasiujaq had higher mean fluke intensity (7.2) than those near Kuujjuaq (2.6) in Nunavik, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada. Despite the extent of the hepatic alterations in some individuals, no association was found between intensity of infection or liver alteration and the examined nutritional condition indices (depth of back fat, femur marrow fat percentage, and kidney fat index). Field observations suggest that infections by F. magna did not have a significant clinical impact on sampled muskoxen. The mean fluke intensity and the percentage of altered liver did not vary between sex and age. Fecal shedding of F. magna eggs was documented in some individuals, indicating that muskoxen could be characterized as a definitive host. Further research is needed to define the reservoir species and characterize the life cycle of this parasite in the Canadian Arctic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7589\/jwd-d-25-00047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T09:42:36Z","timestamp":1771234956000},"page":"198-203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Giant Liver Fluke (Fascioloides magna) in Free-Ranging Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) of Nunavik, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"prefix":"10.7589","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Nury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative\/Centre qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois sur la sant\u00e9 des animaux sauvages, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Qu\u00e9bec J2S 2M2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Van Driessche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative\/Centre qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois sur la sant\u00e9 des animaux sauvages, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Qu\u00e9bec J2S 2M2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariane","family":"Santamaria-Bouvier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative\/Centre qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois sur la sant\u00e9 des animaux sauvages, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Qu\u00e9bec J2S 2M2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manon","family":"Simard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nunavik Research Centre, Makivik Corporation, 876 Naalavvik St., Kuujjuaq, Qu\u00e9bec J0M 1C0, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Brodeur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction de la gestion de la faune du Nord-du-Qu\u00e9bec, Minist\u00e8re de l'Environnement, de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, de la Faune et des Parcs, 951 boul. Hamel Chibougamau, Qu\u00e9bec G8P 2Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00eblle","family":"Taillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la gestion de la faune, Minist\u00e8re de l'Environnement, de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, de la Faune et des Parcs, 880 chemin Sainte-Foy RC-110 Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec G1S 4X4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Lair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative\/Centre qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois sur la sant\u00e9 des animaux sauvages, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 3200 Rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Qu\u00e9bec J2S 2M2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4415","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JZ Adamczewski, PF Flood, A Gunn,  \"Can J Zool.\"  73, \"Body composition of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and its estimation from condition index and mass measurements.\" 2021 (1995)","DOI":"10.1139\/z95-238"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E Bazsalovicsov\u00e1, I Kr\u00e1lov\u00e1-Hromadov\u00e1, J \u0160tefka, et al.  \"Parasit Vectors.\"  8, \"Genetic interrelationships of North American populations of giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna.\" 288 (2015)","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0895-1"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A Brodeur, M Leblond, V Brodeur, et al.  \"J Wildl Manag.\"  87, \"Investigating potential for competition between migratory caribou and introduced muskoxen.\" e22366 (2023)","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.22366"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LP Choquette, GG Gibson, B Simard,  \"Can J Zool.\"  49, \"Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) Ward, 1917 (Trematoda) in woodland caribou, Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin), of northeastern Quebec, and its distribution in wild ungulates in Canada.\" 280 (1971)","DOI":"10.1139\/z71-041"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ER Dickinson, C Nwafor-Okoli, SL Checkley, et al.  \"Sci Rep.\"  14, \"Direct and indirect costs of parasitism preceding a population decline of an Arctic ungulate.\" 17133 (2024)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-67904-y"},{"key":"6","unstructured":"C. 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