{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T06:07:26Z","timestamp":1785391646240,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Salud (Colombia)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["revistabiomedica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["biomedica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>La pediculosis capitis es la ectoparasitosis m\u00e1s frecuente a nivel mundial. La infestaci\u00f3n es causada por Pediculus humanus capitis (piojo de la cabeza) y afecta el cabello, el cuero cabelludo y la piel. Rara vez se manifiesta con otro tipo de sintomatolog\u00eda y, por lo general, su curso es benigno si se trata adecuadamente.Se presenta el caso de una menor con pediculosis capitis de 18 meses de evoluci\u00f3n, asociada con for\u00fanculos, lesiones cut\u00e1neas, m\u00faltiples adenopat\u00edas y anemia, que no mejor\u00f3 tras la aplicaci\u00f3n del champ\u00fa.Inicialmente, llam\u00f3 la atenci\u00f3n la presencia de for\u00fanculos, alopecia y adenopat\u00edas. La persistencia de la pediculosis capitis y el rascado intenso alteraron la integridad de la epidermis y facilitaron las infecciones secundarias por bacterias pat\u00f3genas y oportunistas que produjeron imp\u00e9tigo, forunculosis, excoriaciones, costras hem\u00e1ticas, anemia, alopecia y linfadenopat\u00edas. La pediculosis capitis afect\u00f3 notoriamente a la paciente al causarle problemas psicol\u00f3gicos y de salud, agudizados por su condici\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica y social. La paciente present\u00f3 manifestaciones cl\u00ednicas poco frecuentes (forunculosis, anemia, fiebre, alopecia y adenopat\u00edas), lo cual se vio facilitado por la persistencia de los factores de riesgo y el hecho de que no se le inspeccionaba la cabeza ni se remov\u00edan los insectos.La educaci\u00f3n sobre los factores de riesgo y el control sanitario es indispensable para controlar la infestaci\u00f3n.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.4855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T13:33:08Z","timestamp":1575984788000},"page":"631-638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7705\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pediculosis capitis grave en una ni\u00f1a inscrita en una guarder\u00eda"],"prefix":"10.7705","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"\u00c1ngela","family":"Medina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6699-5061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Reinel","family":"V\u00e1squez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4444","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Feldmeier H. Pediculosis capitis: New insights into epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;31:2105-10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-012-1575-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1575-0"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bonilla DL, Durden LA, Eremeeva ME, Dasch GA. The biology and taxonomy of head and body lice-implications for louse-borne disease prevention. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9:e1003724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003724","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003724"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Doroodgar A, Sadr F, Doroodgar M, Doroodgar M, Sayyah M. Examining the prevalence rate of Pediculus capitis infestation according to sex and social factors in primary school children. 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