{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T19:35:15Z","timestamp":1780083315296,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Salud (Colombia)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["revistabiomedica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. The frequency of detected strongyloidiasis is affected by the selected laboratory method in the studied population. Considering that Honduras has fewcommunity-based studies, the analysis of the laboratory record data can provide information helping to understand this parasitosis.Objective. To estimate the frequency and to identify the factors associated with strongyloidiasis, analyzing the laboratory records of the Servicio de Parasitolog\u00eda atHospital Escuela in Tegucigalpa (Honduras) between 2010 and 2022.Materials and methods. We carried out a descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical study. The laboratory diagnosis consisted of stool samples\u2019 examination by direct smear and modified Baermann technique. We estimated frequencies and percentages. The statistical association was calculated with prevalence ratios and a 95% confidence interval. Software R, version 4.2.0, and epiR package, version 2.0.46, were used to perform the analysis. Results. The frequency of strongyloidiasis was 0.29% (112\/38,085). It was higher with the modified Baermann technique (0.87%; 40\/4,575) among male patients (0.44%;70\/15,758). Regarding the age, strongyloidiasis was higher in the 20-40 years old group (0.41%; 28\/6,886) with direct smear and 41-61 years old (1.14%; 14\/1,232) group with the modified Baermann technique. Among the factors associated with strongyloidiasis were age between 20 and 61 years old (PR=2.26, CI 95%=1.53-3.31), male patients (PR=2.34, CI 95%=1.60\u20113.44), mucus (PR=1.86, CI 95%=1.22-2.83) and Charcot-Leyden crystals in stool (PR=8.47, CI 95%=5.14-13.96); watery stool (PR=2.39, CI 95%=1.55-3.68), and other helminthiases (PR=6.73, CI 95%=3.98-11.38). Associated factors to cases detected with the modified Baermann technique were outpatient consultation (PR=4.21, CI 95%=1.91-9.28) and formed stools (PR=3.99, CI 95%=1.94-8.19).Conclusions. The modified Baermann technique increased the detection of strongyloidiasis almost four times. Most cases were distributed among male adults. Thecases diagnosed exclusively with the modified Baermann technique have differences from those with observed larvae in the direct smear. It is necessary to develop community-based population studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.7086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T09:53:58Z","timestamp":1702547638000},"page":"492-505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7705\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Frequency of strongyloidiasis and associated factors: Analysis of 13 years of laboratory results in a tertiary referral hospital in Honduras, 2010-2022","Frecuencia de estrongiloidiasis y factores asociados: an\u00e1lisis de 13 a\u00f1os de resultados de laboratorio en un hospital de tercer nivel de Honduras, 2010-2022"],"prefix":"10.7705","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-9721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge Alberto","family":"Garc\u00eda-Aguilar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Parasitolog\u00eda, Departamento de Laboratorio Cl\u00ednico, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitolog\u00eda Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Asociaci\u00f3n Hondure\u00f1a de Parasitolog\u00eda, Tegucigalpa, Honduras"},{"name":"Servicio de Parasitolog\u00eda, Departamento de Laboratorio Cl\u00ednico, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitolog\u00eda Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Asociaci\u00f3n Hondure\u00f1a de Parasitolog\u00eda, Tegucigalpa, Honduras"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9244-0668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jackeline","family":"Alger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Parasitolog\u00eda, Departamento de Laboratorio Cl\u00ednico, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitolog\u00eda Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Asociaci\u00f3n Hondure\u00f1a de Parasitolog\u00eda, Tegucigalpa, Honduras"},{"name":"Servicio de Parasitolog\u00eda, Departamento de Laboratorio Cl\u00ednico, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitolog\u00eda Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Asociaci\u00f3n Hondure\u00f1a de Parasitolog\u00eda, Tegucigalpa, Honduras"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4444","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"128277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luvira V, Siripoon T, Phiboonbanakit D, Somsri K, Watthanakulpanich D, Dekumyoy P. 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Limitations to the adoption of a standardized Strongyloides stercoralis diagnostic method: Case study in the Caribbean. Acta Tropica. 2017;170:178-83. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.03.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.03.003"},{"key":"128281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Requena-M\u00e9ndez A, Chiodini P, Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Gotuzzo E, et al. The laboratory diagnosis and follow up of strongyloidiasis: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7:e2002. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002002","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002002"},{"key":"128282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martins-de Paula F, de Mello-Malta F, Duarte-Marques P, Barnab\u00e9-Sitta R, Rebello-Pinho JR, Borges-Gryschek R, et al. Molecular diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in tropical areas: A comparison of conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction with parasitological methods. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2015;110:272-4. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0074-02760140371","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760140371"},{"key":"128283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asundi A, Beliavsky A, Liu X, Akaberi A, Schwarzer G, Bisoffi Z, et al. Prevalence of strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis among migrants: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2019;7:e236-48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30490-X","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30490-X"},{"key":"128284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nutman T. Human infection with Strongyloides stercoralis and other related Strongyloides species. Parasitology. 2017;144:263-73. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0031182016000834","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182016000834"},{"key":"128285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Czeresnia J, Weiss L. Strongyloides stercoralis. Lung. 2022;200:141-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00408-022-00528-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-022-00528-z"},{"key":"128286","unstructured":"Kaminsky RG. Gu\u00eda de enfermedades parasitarias prevalentes en Honduras. Tegucigalpa, Honduras: Imprenta Honduras; 2019."},{"key":"128287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mejia-Torres RE, Franco-Garcia D, Fontecha G, Hernandez-Santana A, Singh P, Mancero-Bucheli ST, et al. Prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminthiasis, prevalence of malaria and nutritional status of school going children in Honduras. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014;8:e3248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003248","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003248"},{"key":"128288","unstructured":"Kaminsky RG. Estrongiloidiasis diseminada en una paciente viviendo con SIDA en Honduras. Rev Med Hondur. 2005;73:34-9."},{"key":"128289","unstructured":"Rivas-Godoy AF, Izaguirre-Gonz\u00e1lez AI, Maradiaga-Reyes EF, Bu-Figueroa E, Garc\u00eda- Aguilar J. Estrongiloidiasis diseminada en una paciente con infecci\u00f3n por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Med Int Mex. 2018;34:973-7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24245\/mim. v34i6.1978"},{"key":"128290","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda J, L\u00f3pez W, Alger J, Matute ML, Kaminsky RG. Diagn\u00f3stico parasitol\u00f3gico de laboratorios cl\u00ednicos p\u00fablicos y privados de Tegucigalpa, Honduras: \u00bfCapacidad de Respuesta? Rev Med Hondur. 2014;82:148-54."},{"key":"128291","unstructured":"Kaminsky RG. Manual de Parasitolog\u00eda. T\u00e9cnicas para laboratorio de Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salud y para el diagn\u00f3stico de las Enfermedades Infecciosas Desatendidas. Tercera edici\u00f3n. Tegucigalpa: Imprenta Honduras; 2014."},{"key":"128292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rugai E, Mattos T, Brisola AP. Nova T\u00e9cnica para isolar larvas de nematoides das fezes, modificac\u00e3o do metodo da Baermann. 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Rev Med Hondur. 2012;80:90-5."},{"key":"128300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaminsky RG, Soto RJ, Campa A, Baum M. Intestinal parasitic infections and eosinophilia in a human immune deficiency virus-positive population in Honduras. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2004;99:773-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0074-02762004000700020","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000700020"},{"key":"128301","unstructured":"Bouza-Mora L, Rodr\u00edguez-Mas\u00eds D, Hern\u00e1ndez-Chavarr\u00eda F, Machado L. Strongyloides stercoralis en pacientes psiqui\u00e1tricos. Rev Costarric Cienc Med. 2004;25:49-53."},{"key":"128302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rivero-Rodr\u00edguez Z, Hern\u00e1ndez A, Bracho A, Salazar S, Villalobos R. Prevalencia de microsporidios intestinales y otros enteropar\u00e1sitos en pacientes con VIH positivo de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Biom\u00e9dica. 2013;33:538-45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7705\/biomedica.v33i4.1468","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.v33i4.1468"},{"key":"128303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ortiz-Mart\u00ednez S, Ramos-Rinc\u00f3n JM, V\u00e1squez-Chasnamote ME, Gamboa-Paredes ON, Arista-Flores KM, Espinoza-Venegas LA, et al. Prevalence of strongyloidiasis in Peru: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21:755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-021-06441-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06441-9"},{"key":"128304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira Vieira Barreto NM, Brito Farias MM, Oliveira C de L, Almeida Costa Araujo W, Rios Grassi MF, Nascimento de Souza J, et al. Evaluation of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in patients with HTLV-1. Biom\u00e9dica. 2022;42:31-40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7705\/biomedica.5888","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.5888"},{"key":"128305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naves MM, Costa-Cruz JM. High prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection among the elderly in Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2013;55:309-13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0036-46652013000500003","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652013000500003"},{"key":"128306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodrigues-Machado E, Costa-Cruz JM. Strongyloides stercoralis and other enteroparasites in children at Uberl\u00e2ndia City, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1998;93:161-4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0074-02761998000200004","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761998000200004"},{"key":"128307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prasongdee T, Laoraksawong P, Kanarkard W, Kraiklang R, Sathapornworachai K, Naonongwai S, et al. An eleven-year retrospective hospital-based study of epidemiological data regarding human strongyloidiasis in northeast Thailand. BMC Infect Dis. 2017;17:627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-017-2723-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2723-z"},{"key":"128308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jongwutiwes U, Waywa D, Silpasakorn S, Wanachiwanawin D, Suputtamongkol Y. Prevalence and risk factors of acquiring Strongyloides stercoralis infection among patients attending a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Pathog Glob Health. 2014;108:137-40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/2047773214Y.0000000134","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773214Y.0000000134"},{"key":"128309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chankongsin S, Wampfler R, Ruf MT, Odermatt P, Marti H, Nickel B, et al. Strongyloides stercoralis prevalence and diagnostics in Vientiane, Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic. Infect Dis Poverty. 2020;9:133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-020-00750-y","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00750-y"},{"key":"128310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ashiri A, Rafiei A, Beiromvand M, Khanzadeh A, Alghasi A. Screening of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in high\u2011risk patients in Khuzestan Province, Southwestern Iran. Parasit Vectors. 2021;14:37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13071-020-04549-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04549-6"},{"key":"128311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baker E, Ming D, Choudhury Y, Rahman S, Smith P, Mu\u00f1oz J, et al. High Prevalence of Strongyloides among South Asian migrants in primary care-associations with eosinophilia and gastrointestinal symptoms. Pathogens. 2020;9:103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens9020103","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9020103"},{"key":"128312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winnicki W, Eder M, Mazal P, Mayer F, Seng\u00f6lge G, Wagner L. Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and hyperinfection syndrome among renal allograft recipients in Central Europe. 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Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019;19:35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11882-019-0868-0. Erratum in: Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019 Jul 13;19:38.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-019-0868-0"},{"key":"128319","unstructured":"Secretar\u00eda de Salud de Honduras. Protocolo de manejo cl\u00ednico del paciente adulto con COVID-19 seg\u00fan las etapas de la enfermedad en las Redes de Servicios de Salud. Tegucigalpa, Honduras; mayo 2020. Fecha de consulta: 8 de abril 2023. Disponible en: http:\/\/www.bvs.hn\/COVID-19\/Protocolo%20de%20Manejo%20Clinico%20del%20Paciente%20Adulto%20con%20COVID-19%20segun%20las%20etapas%20de%20la%20enfermedad%20en%20las%20redes%20de%20servicio%20de%20Salud%20Segunda%20Version.pdf"}],"container-title":["Biom\u00e9dica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/revistabiomedica.org\/index.php\/biomedica\/article\/download\/7086\/5403","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/revistabiomedica.org\/index.php\/biomedica\/article\/download\/7086\/5439","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/revistabiomedica.org\/index.php\/biomedica\/article\/download\/7086\/5403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T15:01:56Z","timestamp":1773327716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/revistabiomedica.org\/index.php\/biomedica\/article\/view\/7086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7705\/biomedica.7086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-7379","0120-4157"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-7379","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0120-4157","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer Reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer Review"}},{"value":"Instituto Nacional de Salud","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Biomedica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"Art\u00edculos originales","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"}]}}