{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T19:39:38Z","timestamp":1783021178782,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Salud (Colombia)","issue":"Sp. 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["revistabiomedica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomed."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introducci\u00f3n. La infecci\u00f3n de las v\u00edas respiratorias inferiores es la causa principal de muerte infantil en el mundo. Los agentes etiol\u00f3gicos mostraron variaci\u00f3n estacional, geogr\u00e1fica y relacionada con la pandemia de la COVID-19.Objetivo. Determinar los factores asociados con los agentes pat\u00f3genos y sus manifestaciones cl\u00ednicas en ni\u00f1os con infecci\u00f3n de las v\u00edas respiratorias inferiores, hospitalizados antes, durante y despu\u00e9s de la pandemia en un hospital privado de Lima, Per\u00fa.Materiales y m\u00e9todos. Se llev\u00f3 a cabo un estudio retrospectivo de cohorte de pacientes menores de 13 a\u00f1os hospitalizados por infecciones de las v\u00edas respiratorias inferiores. Se utilizaron dos pruebas de la reacci\u00f3n en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) m\u00faltiple, CLART Fast PneumoVir\u2122 y PneumoCLART Bacteria\u2122 para identificar los agentes pat\u00f3genos. Se determinaron los factores asociados con la hospitalizaci\u00f3n prolongada seg\u00fan los agentes pat\u00f3genos que resultaron positivos y las manifestaciones cl\u00ednicas generales.Resultados. Se analizaron 612 registros de pacientes. La edad promedio fue de 2,89 a\u00f1os. Se identific\u00f3 el virus sincitial respiratorio en el 33,66 % (206\/612) de los casos, el de la influenza A en el 26,31 % (161\/612) y Haemophilus spp. en el 19,28 % (118\/612). Antes de la pandemia de COVID-19, el 48,87 % (217\/444) de los pacientes tuvo un agente etiol\u00f3gico viral y, en la despu\u00e9s de la pandemia, el 87,78 % (115\/131). En la prepandemia, el 17,34 % (77\/444) tuvo m\u00e1s de un microorganismo, siendo frecuentes las coinfecciones del virus sincitial respiratorio con Haemophilus spp. (10,78 %) (66\/612) y del virus sincitial respiratorio con el virus de la influenza A (8,82 %) (54\/612). Adem\u00e1s, la identificaci\u00f3n del virus sincitial respiratorio se asoci\u00f3 con una estancia hospitalaria de 6 o m\u00e1s d\u00edas (p = 0,005).Conclusiones. En este estudio, se encontr\u00f3 que los agentes etiol\u00f3gicos virales fueron predominantes antes y despu\u00e9s de la pandemia. Las coinfecciones entre bacterias y virus fueron frecuentes. El virus sincitial respiratorio fue el m\u00e1s frecuente y se asoci\u00f3 con coinfecciones y estancia hospitalaria prolongada.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.7502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T14:54:25Z","timestamp":1783004065000},"page":"31-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7705\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factores asociados con los microorganismos causantes de infecci\u00f3n de las v\u00edas respiratorias inferiores en ni\u00f1os de un hospital privado de Lima (Per\u00fa), 2019-2022","Associated factors of microorganisms causing lower respiratory tract infections in children hospitalized between 2019 and 2022 in a private hospital in Lima, Per\u00fa"],"prefix":"10.7705","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5445-644X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander J.","family":"De Mello Dutra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Peruana Uni\u00f3n, Lima, Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Peruana Uni\u00f3n, Lima, Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5535-811X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anderson N.","family":"Soriano-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Epidemiol\u00f3gica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Uni\u00f3n, Lima, Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4866-9723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Quinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Pediatr\u00eda, Cl\u00ednica Good Hope, Lima, Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6744-8297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Bobadilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Pediatr\u00eda, Cl\u00ednica Good Hope, Lima, Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7833-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelson","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Cl\u00ednica Good Hope, Lima, Per\u00fa;\u00a0Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Uni\u00f3n, Lima, Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1178-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Alave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Cl\u00ednica Good Hope, Lima, Per\u00fa;\u00a0Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Uni\u00f3n, Lima, Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4444","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"161872","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. 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