{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T09:23:34Z","timestamp":1788859414039,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634169600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31971644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31971644"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31901365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31901365"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31500523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31500523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Innovation Project of Graduate Education in Shanxi Province","award":["2020BY048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020BY048"]}]},{"name":"Technological Innovation Project of Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province","award":["2019l0394"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019l0394"]}]},{"name":"Shanxi Provincial Outstanding Doctoral Program for Incentive Funds for Scientific Research Projects","award":["SXYBKY2018032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SXYBKY2018032"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013805","name":"Shanxi Agricultural University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2018yj09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018yj09"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013805","name":"Shanxi Agricultural University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2014yj19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014yj19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Larix principis-rupprechtii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an important and widely distributed species in the mountains of northern China. However, it has inefficient natural regeneration in many stands and difficulty recruiting seedlings and saplings. In this study, we selected six plots with improved naturally-regenerated\n                    <jats:italic>L. principis-rupprechtii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seedlings. A point pattern analysis (pair-correlation function) was applied to identify the spatial distribution pattern and correlation between adult trees and regenerated seedlings mapped through X\/Y coordinates. Several possible influencing factors of\n                    <jats:italic>L. principis-rupprechtii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seedlings\u2019 natural regeneration were also investigated. The results showed that the spatial distribution patterns of\n                    <jats:italic>Larix principis-rupprechtii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seedlings were concentrated 0\u20135 m around adult trees when considering the main univariate distribution type of regeneration. There was a positive correlation at a scale of 1.5\u20134 m between seedlings and adult trees according to bivariate analyses. When the scale was increased, these relationships were no longer significant. Generally, adult trees raised regenerated\n                    <jats:italic>L. principis-rupprechtii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seedlings at a scale of 1.5\u20134 m. Principal component analysis showed that the understory herb diversity and litter layer had a negative correlation with the number of regenerated seedlings. There was also a weak relationship between regenerated numbers and canopy density. This study demonstrated that the main factors promoting natural regeneration were litter thickness, herb diversity, and the distance between adult trees and regenerated seedlings. Additionally, these findings will provide a basis for the late-stage and practical management of natural regeneration in northern China\u2019s mountain ranges.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.12327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T04:40:45Z","timestamp":1634186445000},"page":"e12327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characteristics and factors influencing the natural regeneration of\n                    <i>Larix principis-rupprechtii<\/i>\n                    seedlings in northern China"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Weiwen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youzhi","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.15835\/nsb.4.4.8200","article-title":"Spatial analysis of two-species interactions","volume":"91","author":"Andersen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-012-2348-2","article-title":"Effects of local biotic neighbors and habitat heterogeneity on tree and shrub seedling survival in an old-growth temperate forest","volume":"170","author":"Bai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1093\/forestry\/cpn037","article-title":"Effect of stand structure on Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) regeneration dynamics","volume":"81","author":"Barbeito","year":"2008","journal-title":"Forestry"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2005.01333.x","article-title":"Spatial patterns of tree recruitment in a relict population of Pinus uncinata: forest expansion through stratified diffusion","volume":"32","author":"Camarero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Biogeography"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1051\/forest\/2009086","article-title":"Response to canopy opening does not act as a filter to Fagus sylvatica and Acer sp. advance regeneration in a mixed temperate forest","volume":"67","author":"Caquet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Forest Science"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2014.09.055","article-title":"Response of tree regeneration and understory plant species diversity to stand density in mature Pinus tabulaeformis plantations in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau, China","volume":"73","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2013.818167","article-title":"Point pattern analysis of different life stages of Quercus liaotungensis in Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi Province, China","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Interactions"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.31.1.343","article-title":"Mechanisms of maintenance of species diversity","volume":"31","author":"Chesson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2018.07.006","article-title":"Key ecological research questions for Central European forests","volume":"32","author":"Christian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Basic and Applied Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2014.918663","article-title":"Spatial patterns and associations of dominant woody species in desert-oasis ecotone of South Junggar Basin, NW China","volume":"9","author":"Chu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Interactions"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5470.1414","article-title":"Spatial patterns in the distribution of tropical tree species","volume":"288","author":"Condit","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s10841-010-9280-8","article-title":"Using species distribution models to guide conservation at the state level: the endangered American burying beetle (Nicrophorus americanus) in Oklahoma","volume":"14","author":"Crawford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Insect Conservation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.2307\/2461300","article-title":"Spacing dynamics of a tropical rain forest tree: evaluation of the Janzen-Connell model","volume":"124","author":"Clark","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Naturalist"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2013.06.060","article-title":"Spatial patterns of natural regeneration in stands of English yew (Taxus baccata L.); Negative neighbourhood effects","volume":"321","author":"Devaney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Forest Ecology and Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s40333-018-0004-3","article-title":"Forest recovery after clear-cutting in Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) plantations of North China","volume":"10","author":"Dong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Arid Land"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021302930424","article-title":"Extended statistical approaches to modelling spatial pattern in biodiversity in northeast New South Wales. I. Species-level modelling","volume":"11","author":"Ferrier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biodiversity & Conservation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1080\/11956860.2000.11682569","article-title":"Spatial pattern and size distribution of the animal-dispersed tree Quercus robur in two spruce-dominated forests","volume":"7","author":"Frost","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ecoscience"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/LDR.3687","article-title":"Impact of land management practices on tree water use strategy and responses to drought in a dryland plantation","volume":"32","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Land Degradation and Development"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2008.01.007","article-title":"Scale-dependent competition at the stand level assessed from crown areas","volume":"255","author":"Getzin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Forest Ecology and Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2008.01377.x","article-title":"Heterogeneity influences spatial patterns and demographics in forest stands","volume":"96","author":"Getzin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1134\/S106741361902005.x","article-title":"Seedlings recruitment of a timberline tree (Larix chinensis Beissn) in Taibai Mountain, China","volume":"50","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Russian Journal of Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.2307\/3236356","article-title":"Spatial pattern analysis in ecology based on Ripley\u2019s K-function: introduction and methods of edge correction","volume":"6","author":"Haase","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Vegetation Science"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.2307\/2983497","article-title":"Fractals, random shapes and point fields","volume":"159","author":"Hambly","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/35006630","article-title":"Pervasive density-dependent recruitment enhances seedling diversity in a tropical forest","volume":"404","author":"Harms","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2307\/3237248","article-title":"Distribution patterns of tree species in a Malaysia tropica rain forest","volume":"8","author":"He","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Vegetation Science"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.12384","article-title":"Sustainable harvesting of non-timber forest products based on ecological and economic criteria","volume":"52","author":"Hernandez-Barrios","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1009779424279","article-title":"Spatial distribution patterns of two predominant emergent trees in a tropical rainforest in Sarawak, Malaysia","volume":"132","author":"Itoh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Plant Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1086\/282687","article-title":"Herbivores and number of tree species in tropical forests","volume":"104","author":"Janzen","year":"1970","journal-title":"The American Naturalist"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.3321\/j.issn:1000-0933.2008.06.002","article-title":"Spatial distribution patterns and associations of Pinus koraiensis and Tilia amurensis in broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountains","volume":"18","author":"Jian","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.2307\/1941379","article-title":"Seed and seedling ecology of a monocarpic tropical tree, tachigalia versicolor","volume":"70","author":"Kitajima","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1127(00)00445-X","article-title":"The effects of selection cutting on regeneration of Picea jezoensis and Abies sachalinensis in the sub-boreal forests of Hokkaido, northern Japan","volume":"146","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Forest Ecology and Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2009.01510.x","article-title":"Ecological information from spatial patterns of plants: insights from point process theory","volume":"97","author":"Law","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/s10310-011-0257-6","article-title":"The ecology of tree regeneration in mature and old forests: combined knowledge for sustainable forest management","volume":"16","author":"Liira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Forest Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agrformet.2018.11.036","article-title":"Water uptake by coniferous and broad-leaved forest in a rocky mountainous area of northern China","volume":"265","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2236","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0683-6","article-title":"Drought and plant litter chemistry alter microbial gene expression and metabolite production","volume":"14","author":"Malik","year":"2020","journal-title":"The ISME Journal"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1093\/forestry\/cpt018","article-title":"Performance of planted spruce and natural regeneration after pre- and post-harvest spraying with glyphosate and partial cutting on an Ontario (Canada) boreal mixedwood site","volume":"86","author":"Man","year":"2013","journal-title":"Forestry"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2015.05.009","article-title":"The vegetation communities of unmanaged aquatic buffer zones within conifer plantations in Ireland","volume":"353","author":"Mc Conigley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Forest Ecology and Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1127(02)00654-0","article-title":"The regeneration characteristics of Picea jezoensis and Abies sachalinensis on cut stumps in the sub-boreal forests of Hokkaido Tokyo University Forest","volume":"180","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Forest Ecology & Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1124975","article-title":"Long-distance dispersal of plants","volume":"313","author":"Nathan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1005.2008.01033","article-title":"Discussion the status quality of plantation and near nature forestry management in China","volume":"23","author":"Peng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Northwest Forestry University"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e86121","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086121","article-title":"Natural Forest Biomass Estimation Based on Plantation Information Using PALSAR Data","volume":"9","author":"Ram","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.2307\/2984796","article-title":"Modelling spatial patterns","volume":"39","author":"Ripley","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological)"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e344","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040344","article-title":"Seed dispersal and spatial pattern in tropical trees","volume":"4","author":"Seidler","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLOS Biology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2011.12.014","article-title":"Roles of thinning intensity in hardwood recruitment and diversity in a conifer, Criptomeria japonica plantation: a 5-year demographic study","volume":"269","author":"Seiwa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forest Ecology & Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1890\/12-1983.1","article-title":"Quantifying effects of habitat heterogeneity and other clustering processes on spatial distributions of tree species","volume":"94","author":"Shen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecology: A Publication of the Ecological Society of America"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.5849\/forsci.13-079","article-title":"Age distribution and spatial patterning of an invasive shrub in secondary hardwood forests","volume":"60","author":"Shields","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Marketing"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.15835\/nsb.4.4.8200","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of tree species diversity in different oak (Quercus spp.) dominated forests in Garhwal Himalaya, India","volume":"4","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japb.2016.06.002","article-title":"Tree species richness, diversity, and regeneration status in different oak (Quercus spp.) dominated forests of Garhwal Himalaya, India","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-49","article-title":"Fractals, random shapes and point fields: methods of geometrical statistics","author":"Stoyan","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3832\/ifor0449-0010034","article-title":"Analysing interaction effects in forests using the mark correlation function","volume":"1","author":"Walder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iforest Biogeosciences & Forestry"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1139\/X10-056","article-title":"Spatial distributions of species in an old-growth temperate forest, northeastern China","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2017.04.037","article-title":"Regeneration response to canopy gap size in a Chinese pine plantation: species diversity patterns, size structures and spatial distributions","volume":"397","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Forest Ecology and Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2019.04.042","article-title":"Response of height growth of regenerating trees in a Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. plantation to different thinning intensities","volume":"444","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Forest Ecology and Management"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.13987\/j.cnki.askj.2010.02.010","article-title":"Application of near-nature forestry theory in eucalypt plantation management","volume":"27","author":"Wei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eucalypt Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9339","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.9339","article-title":"Factors promoting the natural regeneration of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in the Lvliang Mountains of central China","volume":"8","author":"Wenjun","year":"2020","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2006.01113.x","article-title":"Extending point pattern analysis for objects of finite size and irregular shape","volume":"94","author":"Wiegand","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0030-1299.2004.12497.x","article-title":"Rings, circles, and null-models for point pattern analysis in ecology","volume":"104","author":"Wiegand","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1890\/03-0750","article-title":"Annual and spatial variation in seedfall and seedling recruitment in a neotropical forest","volume":"86","author":"Wright","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1166\/jbmb.2017.1721","article-title":"Effects of simulated wind load on leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate allocation in eight quercus species","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Biobased Materials & Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s11515-007-0012-8","article-title":"Point pattern analysis of different age-classes of Larix principis-rupprechtii in Luya Mountain Reserve, Shanxi Province, China","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Frontiers of Biology in China"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.12327\/ref-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1227.2012.00457","article-title":"Spatial distribution pattern of Picea schrenkiana population in the Middle Tianshan Mountains and the relationship with topographic attributes","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Arid Land"}],"container-title":["PeerJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/12327.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/12327.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/12327.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/12327.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T04:40:56Z","timestamp":1634186456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/12327"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["10.7717\/peerj.12327"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.12327","archive":["CLOCKSS","LOCKSS","Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.12327v0.1\/reviews\/2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.12327v0.1\/reviews\/1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.12327v0.2\/reviews\/1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2167-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2167-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"article-number":"e12327"}}