{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T14:00:23Z","timestamp":1772200823682,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647561600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Workers who perform repetitive movements are exposed to many risk factors leading to the occurrence of lumbar back pain. The aim of the research was to answer the question whether the ergonomic instruction conducted by a physiotherapist would change the tested range of motion of the segments of lumbar spine and the symmetry of the work of the torso and upper limbs muscles during work performed by foundry employees.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The study included 12 foundry production line workers with musculoskeletal pain. The workstation was built in the laboratory that perfectly simulates work on the production line. The workers performed two activities from their daily work, i.e. transferring and moving a casting. They were then given ergonomic instruction by a physiotherapist and performed the assigned tasks again. During the activities, the electromyographic signal from five muscles was recorded in terms of symmetry of their work. The maximum angular ranges of the motor segments of the lumbar spine were measured using gyroscopes.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>After the ergonomic instruction, the contralateral imbalance of muscle activity decreased statistically significantly during the first phase (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0004), second phase (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0002) and the third phase (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0069) of transferring the casting. While moving the casting , only erector spinae showed statistically significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0131) more symmetrical work after the ergonomic instruction. During the transfer of the casting, statistically significantly lower values of the ranges of motion between the segments were obtained after carrying out the ergonomic instruction for the left (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0231) and right (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0032) lateral flexion. The ranges of movement between the segments differed statistically significantly for the flexion (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0117), extension (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0469) and left (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0031) and right lateral flexion movements (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0012).<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Conducting ergonomic instruction consisting in teaching the correct performance of a movement task reduced the contralateral imbalance of muscle activity and changes the ranges of movement of L1-S1 segments. The task of optimizing the load on the musculoskeletal system, including the lumbar spine, should be carried out by means of appropriate ergonomic instruction and multi-pronged measures, including analysis of the health of employees, their working environment and physical activity outside the workplace. Electromyography and measurements of the range of movement of the lumbar spine appear to be good tools for the evaluation of workplace ergonomics.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.13072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T08:23:36Z","timestamp":1647591816000},"page":"e13072","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The use of electromyography and kinematic measurements of the lumbar spine during ergonomic intervention among workers of the production line of a foundry"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"B\u0142aszczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata B.","family":"Ogurkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2019.02.007","article-title":"Evaluation and comparison of lift styles for an ideal lift among individuals with different levels of training","volume":"78","author":"Abdoli-Eramaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Ergonomics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1136\/aim.22.4.178","article-title":"Biomechanics of back pain","volume":"22","author":"Adams","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acupuncture in Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-3","volume-title":"Biomechanika b\u00f3lu kr\u0119gos\u0142upa","author":"Adams","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-011-0709-5","article-title":"A prospective cohort study on musculoskeletal risk factors for long-term sickness absence among healthcare workers in eldercare","volume":"85","author":"Andersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3592","article-title":"Association between occupational lifting and day-to-day change in low-back pain intensity based on company records and text messages","volume":"43","author":"Andersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2015-103314","article-title":"Physical workload and risk of long-term sickness absence in the general working population and among bluecollar workers: prospective cohort study with register follow-up","volume":"73","author":"Andersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-7","article-title":"Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: A review","volume-title":"Electromyography: new developments, procedures and applications","author":"Andreia","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2018.11.008","article-title":"Effect of a posture correction\u2013based intervention on musculoskeletal symptoms and fatigue among control room operators","volume":"76","author":"Bazazan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-9","article-title":"Fit for work - musculoskeletal disorders in the european workforce","author":"Bevan","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/111883","article-title":"Evaluating progressive overload changes of the musculoskeletal system in automobile industry workers","volume":"29","author":"B\u0142aszczyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1872-y","article-title":"Inter-day reliability of surface electromyography recordings of the lumbar part of erector spinae longissimus and trapezius descendens during box lifting","volume":"18","author":"Brandt","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.13072\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2010.07.004","article-title":"How should we normalize electromyograms obtained from healthy participants? 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