{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T16:07:53Z","timestamp":1779898073404,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668988800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Research into the kettlebell swing has increased in the last decade. There has been a paucity of literature assessing an individual\u2019s ability to perform the kettlebell swing exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability of the one and five repetition maximum (1RM and 5RM) kettlebell swing.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Materials &amp; Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Twenty four recreational resistance-trained participants performed an isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and two familiarization sessions followed by three test sessions for each RM load approximately one week apart, using a custom-built plate-loaded kettlebell. On each test occasion, subjects completed a series of warm-up sets followed by 3\u20134 progressively heavier kettlebell swings to a standardized height until 1RM or 5RM was reached. Test-retest reliability was calculated using the intra-class correlation (ICC) and typical error was represented as the coefficient of variation (CV%) with 90% confidence limits (90% CL). The smallest worthwhile change (SWC%) representing the smallest change of practical importance, was calculated as 0.2 \u00d7 between-subject standard deviation. The relationship of kettlebell swing performance and maximum strength was determined by Pearson correlation with \u00b190% CL between the absolute peak force recorded during IMTP and 1RM or 5RM.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Results demonstrated a high test-retest reliability for both the 1RM (ICC = 0.97, 90% CL [0.95\u20130.99]; CV = 2.7%, 90% CL [2.2\u20133.7%]) and 5RM (ICC = 0.98, 90% CL [0.96\u20130.99]; CV = 2.4%, 90% CL [1.9\u20133.3%]), respectively. The CV% was lower than the SWC for both the 1RM (SWC = 2.8%, 90% CL [1.9\u20133.5]) and 5RM (SWC = 2.9%, 90% CL [1.9\u20133.6]) kettlebell swing. The correlation between IMTP absolute peak force and the 1RM (r = 0.69, 90% CL 0.43\u20130.83) was large and very large for the 5RM (r = 0.75, 90% CL [0.55\u20130.87]).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>These results demonstrate the stability of 1RM and 5RM kettlebell swing performance after two familiarization sessions. Practitioners can be confident that changes in kettlebell swing 1RM and 5RM performance of &gt;3.6 kg represent a practically important difference, which is the upper limit of the 90% CL.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.14370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T09:34:41Z","timestamp":1669023281000},"page":"e14370","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reliability of kettlebell swing one and five repetition maximum"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"James A.","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9851-1068","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Justin W. 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