{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T23:16:40Z","timestamp":1782775000088,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are currently one of the major causes of pregnancy-related maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies provide evidence that maternal\n                      <jats:italic>Vitamin D receptor (VDR)<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene polymorphisms probably play a key role by affecting the biological function of vitamin D in some adverse pregnancy outcomes, while the relationship between the\n                      <jats:italic>VDR<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene polymorphisms and the risk of HDP remains controversial in current studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association of the\n                      <jats:italic>VDR<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene polymorphisms with HDP susceptibility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and a protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022344383) before commencing this review. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched until January 21, 2023. Case-control and cohort studies that reported the association of the\n                      <jats:italic>VDR<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene polymorphisms with HDP were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for non-randomized studies. The odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the five models (allele model, dominant model, recessive model, homozygous model, heterozygous model) were pooled respectively, and subgroup analysis was performed based on ethnicity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of ten studies were included. The\n                      <jats:italic>VDR<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene\n                      <jats:italic>ApaI<\/jats:italic>\n                      polymorphism was associated with HDP susceptibility in the dominant model (OR: 1.38; 95% CI [1.07\u20131.79];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.014) and the heterozygote model (OR: 1.48; 95% CI [1.12\u20131.95];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.006). In subgroup analysis, the heterozygote model (OR: 2.06; 95% CI [1.21\u20133.52];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.008) of the\n                      <jats:italic>ApaI<\/jats:italic>\n                      polymorphism was associated with HDP in Asians, but not in Caucasians.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>VDR<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene\n                      <jats:italic>ApaI<\/jats:italic>\n                      polymorphism may be associated with HDP susceptibility. Insufficient evidence to support the existence of ethnic differences in this association.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.15181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T03:41:21Z","timestamp":1682394081000},"page":"e15181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association between\n                    <i>Vitamin D receptor (VDR)<\/i>\n                    gene polymorphisms and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yicong","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangling","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xionghao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huilan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2014.07.006","article-title":"Polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in early and late severe preeclampsia","volume":"42","author":"Alpoim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.11.011","article-title":"Hypertensive complications of pregnancy: a clinical overview","volume":"86","author":"Antza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2146089","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2022.2146089","article-title":"Association of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs7975232) with risk of preeclampsia","volume":"39","author":"Aziz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecological Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i1753","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i1753","article-title":"Clinical risk factors for pre-eclampsia determined in early pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis of large cohort studies","volume":"353","author":"Bartsch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1097\/ede.0000000000000039","article-title":"Maternal vitamin D status and the risk of mild and severe preeclampsia","volume":"25","author":"Bodnar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0239407","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239407","article-title":"Role of vitamin-D receptor (VDR) single nucleotide polymorphisms in gestational hypertension development: a case-control study","volume":"15","author":"Caccamo","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-017-0630-4","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in individual participant data meta-analysis with binary outcomes","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8297","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.915678","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to obesity: a meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R89","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu328","article-title":"Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies","volume":"23","author":"Davey\u00a0Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Controlled Clinical Trials"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000514338","article-title":"Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with serum vitamin D levels in a greek rural population (Velestino Study)","volume":"14","author":"Divanoglou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lifestyle Genomics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8875230","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8875230","article-title":"I\/D polymorphism gene ACE and risk of preeclampsia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"2020","author":"Dmitrenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Disease Markers"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1080\/10641963.2019.1601203","article-title":"The possible role of maternal and placental vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and haplotypes in pathogenesis of preeclampsia","volume":"42","author":"Farajian-Mashhadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Hypertension"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.08.015","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and incident preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"39","author":"Fogacci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10641955.2020.1849274","article-title":"Gene variants and haplotypes of Vitamin D biosynthesis, transport, and function in preeclampsia","volume":"40","author":"Ghorbani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertens Pregnancy"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203721666200606220719","article-title":"Vitamin D-RAAS connection: an integrative standpoint into cardiovascular and neuroinflammatory disorders","volume":"21","author":"Gim\u00e9nez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Protein & Peptide Science"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S57","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1540057","article-title":"The vitamin D hormone and its nuclear receptor: molecular actions and disease states","volume":"154","author":"Haussler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.05.010","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor (VDR)-mediated actions of 1\u03b1, 25(OH)2vitamin D3: genomic and non-genomic mechanisms","volume":"25","author":"Haussler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.62.1.155","article-title":"Chromosomal receptor for a vitamin D metabolite","volume":"62","author":"Haussler","year":"1969","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.3.325","article-title":"The nuclear vitamin D receptor: biological and molecular regulatory properties revealed","volume":"13","author":"Haussler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.15.235","article-title":"Systematic evaluation and comparison of statistical tests for publication bias","volume":"15","author":"Hayashino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.118216","article-title":"Best (but oft-forgotten) practices: the design, analysis, and interpretation of Mendelian randomization studies","volume":"103","author":"Haycock","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2006.12.057","article-title":"Exons and functional regions of the human vitamin D receptor gene around and within the main 1a promoter are well conserved among mammals","volume":"103","author":"Jehan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.10.8.8843411","article-title":"Transcriptional activation and dimerization functions in the human vitamin D receptor","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Molecular Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14592","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.23.14592","article-title":"Mutations in the 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor identifying C-terminal amino acids required for transcriptional activation that are functionally dissociated from hormone binding, heterodimeric DNA binding, and interaction with basal transcription factor IIB, in vitro","volume":"272","author":"Jurutka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.105568","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor Fokl polymorphism is a determinant of both maternal and neonatal vitamin D concentrations at birth","volume":"199","author":"Karras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9101141","article-title":"Calcium and vitamin D supplementation for prevention of preeclampsia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Khaing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(06)68397-9","article-title":"WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a systematic review","volume":"367","author":"Khan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.130419","article-title":"Vitamin D status is associated with uteroplacental dysfunction indicated by pre-eclampsia and small-for-gestational-age birth in a large prospective pregnancy cohort in Ireland with low vitamin D status","volume":"104","author":"Kiely","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020575","article-title":"Vitamin D and endothelial function","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1159\/000097409","article-title":"The relationship of target organ damage and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring with vitamin D receptor gene fok-I polymorphism in essential hypertension","volume":"29","author":"Kulah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney and Blood Pressure Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1080\/10641955.2018.1543432","article-title":"A meta-analysis of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and FAS\/FASL polymorphisms with risk of pre-eclampsia","volume":"38","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertens Pregnancy"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2016.1216547","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor 2016: novel ligands and structural insights","volume":"26","author":"Maestro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11091698","article-title":"The significance of VDR genetic polymorphisms in the etiology of preeclampsia in pregnant polish women","volume":"11","author":"Magie\u0142da-Stola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-022-00965-6","article-title":"Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: definition, management, and out-of-office blood pressure measurement","volume":"45","author":"Metoki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hypertension Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"8","author":"Moher","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311421798","article-title":"The role of BsmI and FokI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Brazilian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"21","author":"Monticielo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14194124","article-title":"Vitamin D-related risk factors for maternal morbidity and mortality during pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Morales-Su\u00e1rez-Varela","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa076","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the association between the rs228570 vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and arterial hypertension risk","volume":"11","author":"Nunes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Nutrition"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.02.008","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: updated meta-analysis on maternal outcomes","volume":"164","author":"Palacios","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23250","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23250","article-title":"Polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene is associated with maternal vitamin D concentration and neonatal outcomes: a Brazilian cohort study","volume":"31","author":"Pereira-Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Human Biology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6441","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27934","article-title":"The effect of VDR gene polymorphisms and vitamin D level on blood pressure, risk of preeclampsia, gestational age, and body mass index","volume":"120","author":"Rezavand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10903","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-012-1988-y","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy","volume":"39","author":"Rezende","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1097\/01.Aog.0000437382.03963.88","article-title":"Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American college of obstetricians and gynecologists\u2019 task force on hypertension in pregnancy","volume":"122","author":"Roberts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2014.10.022","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphism in chronic kidney disease patients with complicated cardiovascular disease","volume":"25","author":"Santoro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Renal Nutrition"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2018.03.006","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and pre-eclampsia in Colombia: PREVitD study","volume":"14","author":"Serrano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pregnancy Hypertension"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1080\/10641955.2019.1704003","article-title":"Family history of pre-eclampsia and cardiovascular disease as risk factors for pre-eclampsia: the GenPE case-control study","volume":"39","author":"Serrano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertens Pregnancy"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s43042-022-00246-4","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in Madura pregnant women with hypertension: a case control study","volume":"23","author":"Setiarsih","year":"2022","journal-title":"Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14112355","article-title":"The association of vitamin D and its pathway genes\u2019 polymorphisms with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Si","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","volume":"25","author":"Stang","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(10)60279-6","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia","volume":"376","author":"Steegers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1257","article-title":"Maternal vitamin D status and risk of pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"Tabesh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2017.03.006","article-title":"Catechol-O-methyltransferase Gene Polymorphism (Val158Met) and Development of Pre-eclampsia","volume":"48","author":"Taravati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Medical Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2004.05.014","article-title":"Genetics and biology of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms","volume":"338","author":"Uitterlinden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2016.126","article-title":"Epidemiology of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: prevalence, risk factors, predictors and prognosis","volume":"40","author":"Umesawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14020360","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms modify the response to vitamin D supplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Usategui-Mart\u00edn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.03991.x","article-title":"The Fok1 vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism is associated with plasma renin activity in Caucasians","volume":"74","author":"Vaidya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.02.016","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and diseases","volume":"371","author":"Valdivielso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/s0303-7207(01)00406-3","article-title":"Functionally relevant polymorphisms in the human nuclear vitamin D receptor gene","volume":"177","author":"Whitfield","year":"2001","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2012.117","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and susceptibility to pre-eclampsia","volume":"35","author":"Xia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hypertension Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2017.07.002","article-title":"Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism (VDR) with vitamin D deficiency, metabolic and inflammatory markers in Egyptian obese women","volume":"4","author":"Zaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes & Diseases"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-022-00688-x","article-title":"Association of vitamin D receptor gene rs739837 polymorphism with type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus susceptibility: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"European Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2015.29","article-title":"Genetic variations in the vitamin-D receptor (VDR) gene in preeclampsia patients in the Chinese Han population","volume":"38","author":"Zhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-012-9800-4","article-title":"Associations of ACE I\/D, AGT M235T gene polymorphisms with pregnancy induced hypertension in Chinese population: a meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15181\/ref-67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9066","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201910_19309","article-title":"The association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hypertension: a meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"}],"container-title":["PeerJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/15181.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/15181.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/15181.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/15181.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T03:41:40Z","timestamp":1682394100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/15181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["10.7717\/peerj.15181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.15181","archive":["CLOCKSS","LOCKSS","Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.15181v0.2\/reviews\/2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.15181v0.2\/reviews\/1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.15181v0.2\/reviews\/3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.15181v0.1\/reviews\/1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.15181v0.1\/reviews\/2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.15181v0.1\/reviews\/3","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2167-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2167-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"article-number":"e15181"}}